[The second primary molar in the lower jaw in cases of agenesis of the second premolar; use it or break it?].

In cases of agenesis of the mandibular second premolar, a choice can be made from among several treatment options. Besides preserving the second primary molar, it can be decided to close the diastema orthodontically, following extraction of the primary molar. This can be done in several ways: full or partial (hemisection) removal of the primary molar.

Quality assessment and response to less invasive surfactant administration (LISA) without sedation.

Background: Although sedative premedication for endotracheal intubation is considered standard of care, less invasive surfactant administration (LISA) is often performed without sedative premedication. The aim of this study was to assess success rates, technical quality and vital parameters in LISA without sedative premedication.

Methods: Prospective observational study in 86 neonates <32 weeks' gestation.

The rate of postoperative pancreatic fistula after distal pancreatectomy is independent of the pancreatic stump closure technique - A retrospective analysis of 284 cases.

Background: Many techniques have been developed to prevent postoperative pancreatic fistula (POPF) after distal pancreatectomy, but POPF rates remain high. The aim of our study was to analyze POPF occurrence after closure of the pancreatic remnant by different operative techniques.

Methods: Between 2006 and 2017, 284 patients underwent distal pancreatectomy in our institution.

Identification and Validation of a Diagnostic and Prognostic Multi-Gene Biomarker Panel for Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma.

Late diagnosis and systemic dissemination essentially contribute to the invariably poor prognosis of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Therefore, the development of diagnostic biomarkers for PDAC are urgently needed to improve patient stratification and outcome in the clinic. By studying the transcriptomes of independent PDAC patient cohorts of tumor and non-tumor tissues, we identified 81 robustly regulated genes, through a novel, generally applicable meta-analysis.

Cholinergic activity and levodopa-induced dyskinesia: a multitracer molecular imaging study.

Objective: To investigate the association between levodopa-induced dyskinesias and striatal cholinergic activity in patients with Parkinson's disease.

Methods: This study included 13 Parkinson's disease patients with peak-of-dose levodopa-induced dyskinesias, 12 nondyskinetic patients, and 12 healthy controls. Participants underwent 5-[I]iodo-3-[2(S)-2-azetidinylmethoxy]pyridine single-photon emission computed tomography, a marker of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, [I]N--fluoropropyl-2-carbomethoxy-3-(4-iodophenyl)nortropane single-photon emission computed tomography, to measure dopamine reuptake transporter density and 2-[F]fluoro-2-deoxyglucose positron emission tomography to assess regional cerebral metabolic activity.