Sphingomyelin functions as a novel receptor for Helicobacter pylori VacA.

The vacuolating cytotoxin (VacA) of the gastric pathogen Helicobacter pylori binds and enters epithelial cells, ultimately resulting in cellular vacuolation. Several host factors have been reported to be important for VacA function, but none of these have been demonstrated to be essential for toxin binding to the plasma membrane. Thus, the identity of cell surface receptors critical for both toxin binding and function has remained elusive.

K+, MG2+-aspartate (KMg-ASP)--mediated prevention of isoproterenol(ISO)-induced metabolic changes in the myocardium.

Isoproterenol (ISO) in a single dose of 7.5 mg/kg b.w.

Prevention by K+, Mg2+-aspartate of isoproterenol-induced metabolic changes in the myocardium.

Isoproterenol ISO), in a single dose of 7.5 mg/kg body weight, was found to produce alterations of cardiac metabolism in dogs. After 2 hours, high energy phosphate stores and glycogen were reduced, whereas the levels of lactate and pyruvate, the lactate/pyruvate ratio, and myofibrillar ATPase activity were elevated.