Systemic absorption of epinephrine compared between the intranasal and intramuscular routes of administration in healthy adults.

Background: Epinephrine 5 mg administered via the intranasal (IN) route was shown to be bioequivalent to epinephrine 0.3 mg administered via the intramuscular (IM) route in our preliminary study.

Objective: To investigate the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of IN and IM epinephrine absorption in a larger group of healthy adults (n = 12).

Hemolytic Potential of Tafenoquine in Female Volunteers Heterozygous for Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase (G6PD) Deficiency ( Variant) versus G6PD-Normal Volunteers.

Tafenoquine is an 8-aminoquinoline under investigation for the prevention of relapse in malaria. This open-label, dose-escalation study assessed quantitatively the hemolytic risk with tafenoquine in female healthy volunteers heterozygous for the glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD)-deficient variant versus G6PD-normal females, and with reference to primaquine. Six G6PD-heterozygous subjects (G6PD enzyme activity 40-60% of normal) and six G6PD-normal subjects per treatment group received single-dose tafenoquine (100, 200, or 300 mg) or primaquine (15 mg × 14 days).

Comparative Fasting Bioavailability of 2 Cilostazol Formulations in Healthy Thai Volunteers: An Open-Label, Single-Dose, Randomized, 2-Way Crossover Study.

Objective: To evaluate the bioequivalence of50 mg cilostazol tablets manufactured locally (Citazol®) and originally (Pletaal®) in healthy Thai volunteers.

Material And Method: An open-label, single dose, randomized, two-period, two-sequence, crossover study in 30 healthy volunteers. Each volunteer received a 50 mg cilostazol tablet of bothformulations with a washoutperiodofat least 14 days.

Plasma concentrations of bupivacaine after spinal anesthesia with single shot femoral nerve block in total knee arthroplasty.

Background: Femoral nerve block is commonly established for postoperative analgesia in total knee arthroplasty but no evidence of plasma bupivacaine level has been reported.

Objective: Determine the plasma concentrations of bupivacaine in patients who had single-injection of femoral nerve block.

Material And Method: A prospective observational study was undertaken with 25 patients scheduled for unilateral total knee arthroplasty under spinal anesthesia and single shot femoral nerve block with 20 mL of 0.

Association of Nevirapine Levels with Rash or Hepatotoxicity Among HIV-Infected Thai Women.

Background: We performed a nested case-control study of Thai women prescribed nevirapine-based antiretroviral therapy (ART) to determine if development of rash or hepatotoxicity during the first 24 weeks of treatment is associated with plasma nevirapine concentrations.

Method: From May 2005-January 2007, we enrolled 217 women initiating nevirapine-based ART in Thailand. Cases (n = 54) were women who during the first 24 weeks of treatment with nevirapine developed rash (any grade, n = 42) or hepatotoxicity (≥grade 2, n = 22, [10 had both]).