Effects of Intravenous Hydroxyzine Versus Haloperidol Monotherapy for Delirium: A Retrospective Study.

Although antipsychotics are used commonly for delirium, they increase the risk of mortality in elderly patients and those with dementia. As hydroxyzine has sedative and anxiolytic effects, it can be used in the treatment of delirium. We performed a retrospective study to compare the effects of intravenous hydroxyzine and haloperidol monotherapy on delirium.

Evaluation of optimal timing and therapeutic efficacy of radium-223 therapy for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer: a multicenter collaborative study.

Background: Despite its demonstrated efficacy in prolonging overall survival (OS) and delaying skeletal-related events in the ALSYMPCA trial, the optimal timing of radium-223 initiation remains unclear. This study investigated factors influencing radium-223 treatment outcomes, including completion rates and survival.

Methods: This retrospective, multi-institutional study included 164 patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) who received radium-223 therapy.

Clinical outcomes and treatment patterns of maintenance avelumab in locally advanced or metastatic urothelial carcinoma: a multicenter collaborative study.

Background: The JAVELIN Bladder 100 trial demonstrated improved overall survival (OS) with maintenance avelumab in patients with locally advanced or metastatic urothelial carcinoma UC (la/mUC) who achieved disease control following first-line platinum-based chemotherapy (1 L-PBC). However, real-world data on eligibility, utilization, and outcomes of maintenance avelumab therapy remain limited.

Methods: This retrospective study included patients with la/mUC who received 1 L-PBC.

5-Aminosalicylic Acid Distribution into the Intestinal Membrane Along the Gastrointestinal Tract After Oral Administration in Rats.

Background: 5-Aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA), the first-line therapy for ulcerative colitis, is a poorly soluble zwitterionic drug. Unformulated 5-ASA is thought to be extensively absorbed in the small intestine.

Methods: The pH-dependent solubility of 5-ASA in vitro and the intestinal membrane distribution of 5-ASA and its N-acetyl metabolite (AC-5-ASA) after the oral administration of 5-ASA were examined in fed rats.

Establishment and clinical impacts of decision-support system for older patients with aortic valve stenosis: A retrospective observational study.

Objectives: Treatment decisions for severe aortic stenosis (AS) are complex, since there are two active and comparable options: transcatheter aortic valve implantation and surgical aortic valve replacement. The disease predominantly affects older individuals, who are frequently comorbid with from cognitive impairment. This study aimed to establish a screening-triggered system to assess the decision-making capacity of patients with AS, support their decision-making, and facilitate referrals to specialists when necessary.