Tumor-associated macrophages promote bladder cancer metastasis through the CCL20-CCR6 axis.

We investigated the mechanisms of interaction between bladder cancer (BC) cells and tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs). Coculturing BC cell lines (UMUC3 and T24) with macrophage-like cells differentiated from THP-1 into M2-like TAMs revealed a decrease in Cluster of Differentiation (CD) 68 expression and an increase in CD206 expression. This differentiation enhanced BC cell migration and invasion.

Repeated pancreatic juice cytology via endoscopic nasopancreatic drainage catheter combined with clinical findings improves diagnostic ability for malignant cases of suspected pancreatic cancer with non-identifiable tumors.

Background/objectives: The detection of pancreatic cancer (PC) often depends on indirect indicators such as parenchyma atrophy (PPA), main pancreatic duct stenosis, and low echoic areas, particularly when no mass is evident on imaging. While pathological evaluation is the gold standard for differentiating malignant from benign conditions, endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration/biopsy is not always feasible in such cases. Serial pancreatic juice aspiration cytologic examination (SPACE) via endoscopic nasopancreatic drainage (NPD) has emerged as an alternative diagnostic method, though its accuracy remains underevaluated.

Efficacy of liposomal irinotecan + 5-FU/LV vs. S-1 in gemcitabine-refractory metastatic pancreatic cancer: a real-world study using inverse probability of treatment weighting.

Background: S-1 monotherapy had previously been widely used as a second-line treatment for pancreatic cancer (PC) after gemcitabine-based chemotherapy mainly in Japan. Based on the results of the NAPOLI-1 trial, the recommended second-line therapy is now liposomal irinotecan plus fluorouracil/folinic acid (nal-IRI + 5-FU/LV). However, there have been no studies comparing nal-IRI + 5-FU/LV therapy with S-1 monotherapy.

Early Changes in Ocular Biomarkers in Patients with Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada Disease after Pulse Steroid Therapy.

Introduction: This study aimed to identify when ocular biomarker changes occur within 1 month and which ocular biomarkers correlate with best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) at months 1 and 6.

Methods: We evaluated 33 patients with Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease who received pulse steroid therapy. The central anterior-chamber depth (ACD) and peripheral ACD were evaluated.