Direct articulatory observation reveals phoneme recognition performance characteristics of a self-supervised speech model.

Variability in speech pronunciation is widely observed across different linguistic backgrounds, which impacts modern automatic speech recognition performance. Here, we evaluate the performance of a self-supervised speech model in phoneme recognition using direct articulatory evidence. Findings indicate significant differences in phoneme recognition, especially in front vowels, between American English and Indian English speakers.

Can a Machine Distinguish High and Low Amount of Social Creak in Speech?

Objectives: Increased prevalence of social creak particularly among female speakers has been reported in several studies. The study of social creak has been previously conducted by combining perceptual evaluation of speech with conventional acoustical parameters such as the harmonic-to-noise ratio and cepstral peak prominence. In the current study, machine learning (ML) was used to automatically distinguish speech of low amount of social creak from speech of high amount of social creak.

The Neuroprotective Action of Resveratrol Against Cognitive Impairments Induced by Lorazepam in Male Rats.

Introduction/aim: The study examines how chronic resveratrol administration affects behavioral and neurochemical changes caused by Lorazepam (LZP), a classical anti-anxiety medicine associated with neurodegenerative and neurological problems.

Method: Forty male rats were placed into four groups: a control group receiving 1% Tween 80, the LZP group receiving 2 mg/kg/day, the Resveratrol group receiving 50 mg/kg/day, and the LZP plus resveratrol group receiving the same doses of LZP and Resveratrol. Oral therapy was given daily for 6 weeks.

N-alkylation of amines for the synthesis of potential antiviral agents: A structural modification approach.

The threat of emerging viral outbreaks has increased the need for fast and effective development of therapeutics against emerging pathogens. One approach is to modify the structure of existing therapeutic agents to achieve the desired antiviral properties. Here, we attempted to synthesize a new antiviral compound by modifying the structure of chloroquine using the of the primary amine (N1,N1-diethylpentane-1,4-diamine) that is used in chloroquine synthesis.

Substituent-Oriented Synthesis of Substituted Pyridines/Pyrido[3,2-C]coumarins Sequential Reactions of α-H and Me/Aryl Substituted Oxime Acetates and 3-Formylchromones.

A facile one pot sequential and highly chemoselective synthesis of substituted pyridines/pyrido[3,2-]coumarins has been developed from oxime acetates and 3-formylchromones in the presence of FeCl. This reaction was oriented by different substituents on the α-position (H, methyl/aryl) of oxime acetates. Mechanistic investigations suggested that substituted pyridines were formed via intramolecular aza-Michael addition followed by ring opening, while pyrido[3,2-]coumarins were formed via intermolecular Michael addition.