Development of modular expression across phylogenetically distinct diazotrophs.

Unlabelled: Diazotrophic bacteria can reduce atmospheric nitrogen into ammonia enabling bioavailability of the essential element. Many diazotrophs closely associate with plant roots increasing nitrogen availability, acting as plant growth promoters. These associations have the potential to reduce the need for costly synthetic fertilizers if they could be engineered for agricultural applications.

Reduced TrkB expression results in precocious age-like changes in neuromuscular structure, neurotransmission, and muscle function.

Acute blockade of signaling through the tyrosine kinase receptor B (TrkB) attenuates neuromuscular transmission and fragments postsynaptic acetylcholine receptors (AChRs) in adult mice, suggesting that TrkB signaling is a key regulator of neuromuscular function. Using immunohistochemical, histological, and in vitro muscle contractile techniques, we tested the hypothesis that constitutively reduced TrkB expression would disrupt neuromuscular pre- and postsynaptic structure, neurotransmission, muscle fiber size, and muscle function in the soleus muscle of 6- to 8-mo-old TrkB⁺/⁻ mice compared with age-matched littermates. Age-like expansion of postsynaptic AChR area, AChR fragmentation, and denervation was observed in TrkB⁺/⁻ mice similar to that found in 24-mo-old wild-type mice.

[Myocardial infarction in 16-year-old boy].

Myocardial infarction (MI) is a condition with serious prognosis which depends on many factors. Despite the considerable progress in the treatment of MI in children and teenagers, it is still a reason for concern for cardiologist due to the young age of the patients. The author presents the case of 16 years old boy diagnosed with MI and treated in Cardiology Department in Sanok, Poland.