Reactive Oxygen Species in Cystic Kidney Disease.

Polycystic kidney disease (PKD) is a rare but significant renal condition with major implications for global acute and chronic patient care. Oxidative stress and reactive oxygen species (ROS) can significantly alter its pathophysiology, clinical outcomes, and treatment, contributing to negative outcomes, including hypertension, chronic kidney disease, and kidney failure. Inflammation from ROS and existing cysts propagate the generation and accumulation of ROS, exacerbating kidney injury, pro-fibrotic signaling cascades, and interstitial fibrosis.

Sex-based outcomes of subcutaneous implantable cardioverter-defibrillator and impact of surgical technique.

Background: Because of differences in chest wall anatomy, female patients may have higher rates of subcutaneous implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (S-ICD) pocket-related complications.

Objective: We sought to evaluate sex-based outcomes after S-ICD implantation.

Methods: Patients implanted with an S-ICD at Emory Healthcare between 2010 and 2023 were included in the analysis.

Functional heartburn: An underrecognized cause of PPI-refractory symptoms.

Functional heartburn--persistent symptoms of esophageal reflux with no objective evidence of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)--is the most common cause of failure of proton pump inhibitor (PPI) therapy, but it is often overlooked by internists and gastroenterologists.