Anticarcinogenic effects of ursodeoxycholic acid in pancreatic adenocarcinoma cell models.

Changes to the composition of the microbiome in neoplasia, is termed oncobiosis, may affect tumor behavior through the changes to the secretion of bacterial metabolites. In this study we show, that ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA), a bacterial metabolite, has cytostatic properties in pancreatic adenocarcinoma cell (PDAC) models. UDCA in concentrations corresponding to the human serum reference range suppressed PDAC cell proliferation.

Cytostatic Bacterial Metabolites Interfere with 5-Fluorouracil, Doxorubicin and Paclitaxel Efficiency in 4T1 Breast Cancer Cells.

The microbiome is capable of modulating the bioavailability of chemotherapy drugs, mainly due to metabolizing these agents. Multiple cytostatic bacterial metabolites were recently identified that have cytostatic effects on cancer cells. In this study, we addressed the question of whether a set of cytostatic bacterial metabolites (cadaverine, indolepropionic acid and indoxylsulfate) can interfere with the cytostatic effects of the chemotherapy agents used in the management of breast cancer (doxorubicin, gemcitabine, irinotecan, methotrexate, rucaparib, 5-fluorouracil and paclitaxel).

The bacterial metabolite, lithocholic acid, has antineoplastic effects in pancreatic adenocarcinoma.

Lithocholic acid (LCA) is a secondary bile acid. LCA enters the circulation after bacterial synthesis in the gastrointestinal tract, reaches distantly located cancer cells, and influences their behavior. LCA was considered carcinogenic, but recent studies demonstrated that LCA has antitumor effects.

Trends in Time Spent Viremic Among Persons Newly Diagnosed With HIV in San Francisco.

Objective: To examine trends in time spent viremic and initiation into antiretroviral treatment (ART) among persons newly diagnosed with HIV in San Francisco.

Methods: Using HIV surveillance data, we included persons diagnosed with HIV during 2012-2020, a San Francisco resident at HIV diagnosis, alive 12 months after HIV diagnosis, and had ≥2 viral load tests within 12 months after diagnosis. Percent person-time spent (pPT) >200, pPT >1500, and pPT >10,000 copies per milliliter was calculated during the 12 months after HIV diagnosis.

Identification of Bacterial Metabolites Modulating Breast Cancer Cell Proliferation and Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition.

Breast cancer patients are characterized by the oncobiotic transformation of multiple microbiome communities, including the gut microbiome. Oncobiotic transformation of the gut microbiome impairs the production of antineoplastic bacterial metabolites. The goal of this study was to identify bacterial metabolites with antineoplastic properties.