Identification of Predictive Factors for the Development of In-Transit Metastasis in Patients with Melanoma.

Background: In patients with melanoma, in-transit metastasis (ITM) can develop. This study aimed to identify the risk for a first recurrence of ITM and associated predictive clinical factors in a large international cohort of patients with melanoma.

Methods: Patients with primary cutaneous melanoma who underwent wide local excision (WLE) and sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) were identified from the Sentinel Lymph Node Working Group (SLNWG) database between January 1993 and February 2023.

Association of inherited genetic variants with multiple primary melanoma.

Background: Recent genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified new susceptibility loci for melanoma, but their associations with multiple primary melanoma (MPM) are unclear.

Methods: We investigated the associations of 69 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 39 GWAS-identified loci with odds of MPM relative to single primary melanoma (SPM) in the international, population-based Genes, Environment, and Melanoma (GEM) study. Per-minor allele odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for individuals with MPM 'cases' (n=1,205) relative to SPM 'controls' (n=2,458) were estimated using multivariable logistic regression, and polygenic risk scores (PRS) were calculated and weighted based on a 2020 GWAS meta-analysis (57 of the 68 independent GWAS SNPs available).

APOBEC3-Related Editing and Non-Editing Determinants of HIV-1 and HTLV-1 Restriction.

The apolipoprotein B mRNA editing enzyme catalytic polypeptide-like 3 (APOBEC3/A3) family of cytosine deaminases serves as a key innate immune barrier against invading retroviruses and endogenous retroelements. The A3 family's restriction activity against these parasites primarily arises from their ability to catalyze cytosine-to-uracil conversions, resulting in genome editing and the accumulation of lethal mutations in viral genomes. Additionally, non-editing mechanisms, including deaminase-independent pathways, such as blocking viral reverse transcription, have been proposed as antiviral strategies employed by A3 family proteins.

Tumor infiltrating lymphocytes in primary melanoma are associated with a better prognosis.

Background: The relationship between tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) and survival in melanoma is poorly understood. We present a large multicenter study assessing the association between TIL and survival.

Methods: The Sentinel Lymph Node Working Group database was queried from 1993 to 2024 for cases with known TIL and survival data.