Current status and future directions for the diagnosis and management of mild cognitive impairment in Southeast Asia: A SEACURE consensus paper.

Global aging populations are facing increased prevalence of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) - the preclinical stage of dementia characterized by single/multi-domain neurocognitive decline that does not impair an individual's normal daily functioning. Asian populations are at increased risk of developing MCI and dementia, and many cases go undetected in Southeast Asia (SEA), resulting in increased burden on patients, caregivers and national healthcare systems. There is an urgent need for efficient and scalable diagnostic and management strategies across SEA.

Comorbid cerebrovascular and neurodegenerative burden in mild behavioral impairment and their impact on clinical trajectory.

Aim: Mild behavioral impairment (MBI) is a neurobehavioral prodrome to dementia with multiple phenotypic characteristics. To investigate the complex neurobiological substrate underlying MBI, we evaluated its association with a composite magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-based measure of concomitant cerebrovascular disease (CeVD) and neurodegeneration; and the interaction effects of MBI and MRI scores on cognitive and clinical trajectory.

Methods: 253 dementia-free participants (mean age=71.

Longitudinal associations of carotid artery stiffness with progression of cerebrovascular disease, incident dementia and cognitive decline in older adults.

Background: Carotid artery stiffness is associated with cerebrovascular disease (CeVD) and cognitive impairment, but evidence for its longitudinal effects on progression of CeVD and cognitive decline are limited.

Objectives: To evaluate the longitudinal associations of carotid artery stiffness with CeVD progression, incident dementia, and cognitive decline.

Design: Longitudinal analyses from a memory-clinic cohort with a follow-up of 2 years.

Plasma NfL, P-tau181, and P-tau181/Aβ42 Ratio in Predicting Mild Behavioral Impairment in Dementia-Free Multiethnic Asian Older Adults With Mixed Pathology in a 5-Year Clinical Cohort.

The underlying mechanisms of mild behavioral impairment (MBI), a marker for cognitive impairment and dementia, have remained unclear especially in a multiethnic Asian population. The study aimed to examine whether baseline Alzheimer disease biomarkers, including plasma neurofilament light (NfL) chain, phosphorylated tau-181 (p-tau181), and the p-tau181-to-amyloid-β42 (p-tau181/Aβ42) ratio, could predict MBI incidence in dementia-free Asian older adults. Participants were recruited from the community and memory clinics from August 2010 to April 2022.

A deep-learning retinal aging biomarker for cognitive decline and incident dementia.

Introduction: The utility of retinal photography-derived aging biomarkers for predicting cognitive decline remains under-explored.

Methods: A memory-clinic cohort in Singapore was followed-up for 5 years. RetiPhenoAge, a retinal aging biomarker, was derived from retinal photographs using deep-learning.