Real-world evidence from the first online healthcare analytics platform-Livingstone. Validation of its descriptive epidemiology module.

Incidence and prevalence are key epidemiological determinants characterizing the quantum of a disease. We compared incidence and prevalence estimates derived automatically from the first ever online, essentially real-time, healthcare analytics platform-Livingstone-against findings from comparable peer-reviewed studies in order to validate the descriptive epidemiology module. The source of routine NHS data for Livingstone was the Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD).

The absolute risk of incident type 2 diabetes following exposure to systemic corticosteroids in selected steroid-related and phenotypic groups.

Aims: Exposure to corticosteroids is known to increase the risk of developing type 2 diabetes. We estimated the risk of incident type 2 diabetes in selected patient groups exposed to systemic corticosteroids.

Materials And Methods: In a retrospective, observational cohort study, using real-world data from UK primary care, patients were selected who had at least one episode of exposure to oral or intravenous corticosteroids for any indication.

The financial burden of treating patients presenting with acute and chronic cough.

Objective: Coughing is a common symptom and responsible for a large number of healthcare visits. This study aimed to characterize healthcare resource use and associated financial costs in people with acute or chronic cough.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study using routine data from the UK National Health Service.

Characterization and Associated Costs of Constipation Relating to Exposure to Strong Opioids in England: An Observational Study.

Purpose: Opioid use is associated with gastrointestinal adverse events, including nausea and constipation. We used a real-world dataset to characterize the health care burden associated with opioid-induced constipation (OIC) with particular emphasis on strong opioids.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study was conducted using the Clinical Practice Research Datalink, a large UK primary care dataset linked to hospital data.

Insulin-like growth factor-1, growth hormone and disease outcomes in acromegaly: A population study.

Context: A lack of consensus remains about the relative importance of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and growth hormone (GH) in predicting adverse outcomes in patients with acromegaly.

Objective: To describe the differing association between IGF-1 and GH and major disease outcomes in acromegaly.

Design: Retrospective cohort study.