Lessons for cannabinoid regulation from electronic nicotine delivery system product regulation.

Cannabis legalization continues to spread, with 38 states permitting the use of medical marijuana, 22 states permitting recreational use, and growing political momentum for federal legalization. The last time the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) was tasked with regulating a new product occurred with 2009's Family Smoking Prevention and Tobacco Control Act, which created the Center for Tobacco Products (CTP). Thus, the time is ripe to review the history of CTP with particular attention to difficulties the nascent center faced in regulating novel products such as e-cigarettes or electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS).

Supporting the Biomedical Science UG Project Research Journey Through Staff-Student Partnerships.

Developing research skills enhances graduate attributes and student employability. The UG research project is coined the pedagogy of the 21st century but the diversity of supervisory styles is a source of student perceived inequality of experience. The goal of this study was to provide structure and support to undergraduate (UG) biomedical science research students and supervisors by co-creating research informed resources that are accessible, engaging and student centred.

Quantifiable and Inexpensive Cell-Free Fluorescent Method to Confirm the Ability of Novel Compounds to Chelate Iron.

Cancer cells require large amounts of iron to maintain their proliferation. Iron metabolism is considered a hallmark of cancer, making iron a valid target for anti-cancer approaches. The development of novel compounds and the identification of leads for further modification requires that proof of mechanism assays be carried out.

Effect of cyclic substituents on the anti-cancer activity and DNA interaction of ruthenium(II) bis-phenanthroline dipyridoquinoline.

Ruthenium(II) complexes have emerged recently as candidates for anti-cancer therapy, where activity is related to lipohilicity, cellular localization, and specific interactions with biomolecules. In this work, two novel complexes were synthesized and are reported based on the [Ru(phen)(dipyrido[3,2-:2',3'-]quinoxaline] framework. Compared to the parent complex, annealing of cyclopenteno and cyclohexeno rings to the extended ligand substantially increased cytotoxicity towards a number of cancer cell lines, and induced apoptosis.

Expression and Activity of the NF-κB Subunits in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukaemia: A Role for RelB and Non-Canonical Signalling.

Background: Canonical NF-κB signalling by p65 (RelA) confers chemo-resistance and poor survival in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL). The role of non-canonical NF-κB signalling (leading to RelB and p52 subunit activation) in CLL is less understood, but given its importance in other B-cell tumour types, we theorised that RelB and p52 may also contribute to the pathology of CLL.

Methods: DNA binding activity of all five NF-kB subunits, p65, p50, RelB, p52, and c-Rel, was quantified using ELISA and correlated to ex vivo chemoresistance, CD40L-stimulated signalling (to mimic the lymph node microenvironment), and clinical data.