Rapid Microwave Fixation of the Brain Reveals Seasonal Changes in the Phosphoproteome of Hibernating Thirteen-Lined Ground Squirrels.

Hibernating mammals such as the thirteen-lined ground squirrel () experience significant reductions in oxidative metabolism and body temperature when entering a state known as torpor. Animals entering or exiting torpor do not experience permanent loss of brain function or other injuries, and the processes that enable such neuroprotection are not well understood. To gain insight into changes in protein function that occur in the dramatically different physiological states of hibernation, we performed quantitative phosphoproteomics experiments on thirteen-lined ground squirrels that are summer-active, winter-torpid, and spring-active.

Modulatory effect of Echium plantagineum oil on the n-3 LC-PUFA biosynthetic capacity of chicken (Gallus gallus).

Poultry can be a sustainable source of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, 20:5n-3) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6n-3) through the bioconversion of dietary alpha-linolenic acid (ALA, 18:3n-3). However, this process is currently limited by the high n-6/n-3 ratio in poultry diets affecting the competition between n-6 and n-3 fatty acids (FA) for the same biosynthetic enzymes, and the rate-limiting Δ6 desaturase which act at both, the first and final steps of DHA synthesis pathway. Echium plantagineum oil (EO) is an unusual source of stearidonic acid (SDA, 18:4n-3) which bypasses the first Δ6 desaturase step potentially increasing n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFA) synthesis.

Real-World Treatment Patterns Among US Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Initiating Treatment With Once Weekly Semaglutide for Diabetes.

Purpose: Injectable once weekly semaglutide for diabetes (OW sema) is a medication approved in 2017 for the treatment of patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM). In clinical trials, OW sema has been shown to be effective at helping patients achieve glycemic targets. However, more data are needed to understand how patients who initiate treatment with OW sema are treated in the real world and to aid prescribers in making treatment decisions.

Probiotic Potential of Yeasts Isolated from Fermented Beverages: Assessment of Antagonistic Strategies Against Serovar Enteritidis.

Global concern about pathogenic resistance to antibiotics is prompting interest in probiotics as a strategy to prevent or inhibit infections. Fermented beverages are promising sources of probiotic yeasts. This study aimed to evaluate the antagonistic effects of , , and strains from kefir and wine against serovar Enteritidis in intestinal epithelial cells.

Peripheral immune cell response to stimulation stratifies Parkinson's disease progression from prodromal to clinical stages.

The motor stage of idiopathic Parkinson's disease (iPD) can be preceded for years by a prodromal stage characterized by non-motor symptoms like REM sleep behavior disorder (RBD). Here, we show that multiple stages of iPD, including the pre-motor prodromal stage, can be stratified according to the inflammatory and immunometabolic responses to stimulation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells . We identified increased stimulation-dependent secretion of TNF, IL-1β, and IL-8 in monocytes from RBD patients and showed diminished proinflammatory cytokine secretion in monocytes and T cells in early and moderate stages of PD.