Effect of raloxifene on activated protein C (APC) resistance in postmenopausal women and on APC resistance and homocysteine levels in elderly men: two randomized placebo-controlled studies.

Raloxifene, a selective estrogen receptor modulator, like hormonal replacement therapy increases the risk of venous thromboembolism in postmenopausal women. A possible explanation for the increased thrombotic risk could be an increase in acquired resistance to activated protein C (APC). In two randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind studies we determined the effect of raloxifene on the normalized APC sensitivity ratios (nAPCsr).

Raloxifene and hormone replacement therapy increase arachidonic acid and docosahexaenoic acid levels in postmenopausal women.

Estrogens may affect the essential n-6 and n-3 fatty acids arachidonic acid (AA; C20:4n-6) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA; C22:6n-3). Therefore, we investigated the long-term effects of hormone replacement therapy and raloxifene, a selective estrogen-receptor modulator, in two randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled studies. In study I, 95 healthy, non-hysterectomized, early postmenopausal women (age range 47-59 years) received one of the following treatments: daily raloxifene 60 mg (n=24), daily raloxifene 150 mg (n=23), 0.

Raloxifene reduces procarboxypeptidase U, an antifibrinolytic marker. A 2-year randomized, placebo-controlled study in healthy early postmenopausal women.

Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the long-term effects of two dosages of raloxifene with oral hormone therapy (HT; conjugated equine estrogens combined with medroxyprogesterone acetate) on procarboxypeptidase U.

Design: In a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, 2-year study, 95 healthy, nonhysterectomized, early postmenopausal women received either daily raloxifene 60 mg (n = 24), raloxifene 150 mg (n = 23), HT (conjugated equine estrogens 0.625 mg + medroxyprogesterone acetate 2.

Oestrogen replacement therapy lowers plasma levels of asymmetrical dimethylarginine in healthy postmenopausal women.

Oestrogen replacement therapy (ERT) has been shown to lead to favourable changes in the cardiovascular risk profile of postmenopausal women. Part of this effect is ascribed to increased production or bioavailability of nitric oxide (NO). We have tested the hypothesis that ERT lowers plasma levels of asymmetrical dimethylarginine (ADMA), an endogenous inhibitor of NO synthase (NOS).

Raloxifene treatment increases plasma levels of beta-endorphin in postmenopausal women: a randomized, placebo-controlled study.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of the selective estrogen receptor modulator raloxifene hydrochloride (Evista, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN) on plasma levels of beta-endorphin, and to determine whether beta-endorphin levels and menopausal symptoms are related.

Design: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled pilot study.

Setting: Endocrinology outpatient department.