Ultrasound in Sepsis and Septic Shock-From Diagnosis to Treatment.

Unlabelled: Sepsis and septic shock are among the leading causes of in-hospital mortality worldwide, causing a considerable burden for healthcare. The early identification of sepsis as well as the individuation of the septic focus is pivotal, followed by the prompt initiation of antibiotic therapy, appropriate source control as well as adequate hemodynamic resuscitation. For years now, both emergency department (ED) doctors and intensivists have used ultrasound as an adjunctive tool for the correct diagnosis and treatment of these patients.

Internalized HIV-Related Stigma and Breast Health Beliefs Among African-American Women Receiving Care for HIV in the USA.

Objectives: African-American women suffer disproportionately from HIV, breast cancer, and other illnesses. Little is known about the relationship between internalized HIV-related stigma and health beliefs related to other illnesses, including breast cancer. Our study examined (1) the relationship between internalized HIV-related stigma and breast health beliefs over time and (2) the moderating effects of participating in a stigma reduction intervention and/or social support.

Human α-amylase present in lower-genital-tract mucosal fluid processes glycogen to support vaginal colonization by Lactobacillus.

Lactobacillus colonization of the lower female genital tract provides protection from the acquisition of sexually transmitted diseases, including human immunodeficiency virus, and from adverse pregnancy outcomes. While glycogen in vaginal epithelium is thought to support Lactobacillus colonization in vivo, many Lactobacillus isolates cannot utilize glycogen in vitro. This study investigated how glycogen could be utilized by vaginal lactobacilli in the genital tract.

Accuracy of diagnoses of HIV-related oral lesions by medical clinicians. Findings from the Women's Interagency HIV Study.

Objective: To determine if medical clinicians are as accurate as dental clinicians in recognizing diagnostic characteristics of HIV-related oral lesions.

Methods: In 355 HIV-infected participants at five Women's Interagency HIV Study sites, we paired oral examinations conducted within 7 days of each other by dental and medical clinicians. We used the former as a gold standard against which to evaluate the accuracy of the latter.

Prevalence and predictors of skin disease in the Women's Interagency HIV Study (WIHS).

Objective: We attempted to determine the prevalence and predictors of skin disease in a cohort of women with and at risk for HIV infection.

Methods: We analyzed baseline data from a multicenter longitudinal study of HIV infection in women.

Results: A total of 2018 HIV-infected women and 557 HIV-uninfected women were included in this analysis.