ACS Appl Mater Interfaces
October 2023
The metal halide perovskite absorbers are prone to surface defects, which severely limit the power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) and the operational stability of the perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Herein, trace amounts of bithiophene propylammonium iodide (bi-TPAI) are applied to modulate the surface properties of the gas-quenched perovskite. It is found that the bi-TPAI surface treatment has negligible impact on the perovskite morphology, but it can induce a defect passivation effect and facilitate the charge carrier extraction, contributing to the gain in the open-circuit voltage () and fill factor.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFKnowledge of the present feeding habits and the impact of different information channels are mandatory for developing an appropriate feeding policy. The" Socio-Economisch Instituut (SEIN)", the "Universiteit Hasselt", and paediatricians of the Virga Jesse Hospital conducted a study on the feeding habits of young children between the age of 0 and 2 years in Flanders. This study was ordered by Kind en Gezin.
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