Metabolic Characterization of Sarin, Cyclosarin, and Novichoks (A-230, A-232) in Human Liver Microsomes.

We have assessed the human liver microsomal (HLM) metabolism of the chemical warfare nerve agents' sarin (GB), cyclosarin (GF), and the Novichok agents A-230 and A-232. In HLM, GB showed drastically decreased stability ( = 1.4 h).

Socioeconomic inequality in the outcomes of a psychological intervention for depression for South Africans with a co-occurring chronic disease: A decomposition analysis.

Task-shared psychological interventions are effective for reducing the severity of depression symptoms, but differences in treatment outcome by socioeconomic status is uncertain. This study examines socioeconomic inequalities (SEI) in depression outcomes among people with HIV and/or diabetes who participated in a cluster randomised controlled trial in the Western Cape Province of South Africa. The trial took place at 24 primary care clinics randomised to deliver a task-shared psychological intervention or treatment as usual (TAU).

Understanding the relationship between the frequency of HbA1c monitoring, HbA1c changes over time, and the achievement of targets: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: The goal of post-diagnosis diabetes management is the achievement and maintenance of glycaemic control. Most clinical practice guidelines recommend 3-6 monthly HbA1c monitoring. Despite this guidance, there are few data supporting the impact of monitoring frequency on clinical outcomes, particularly from low- and middle-income country settings.

Dilated cardiomyopathy variant R14del increases phospholamban pentamer stability, blunting dynamic regulation of calcium.

The sarco(endo)plasmic reticulum Ca ATPase (SERCA) is a membrane transporter that creates and maintains intracellular Ca stores. In the heart, SERCA is regulated by an inhibitory interaction with the monomeric form of the transmembrane micropeptide phospholamban (PLB). PLB also forms avid homo-pentamers, and dynamic exchange of PLB between pentamers and SERCA is an important determinant of cardiac responsiveness to exercise.

TNIK: A redox sensor in endothelial cell permeability.

Dysregulation of endothelial barrier integrity can lead to vascular leak and potentially fatal oedema. TNF-α controls endothelial permeability during inflammation and requires the actin organizing Ezrin-Radixin-Moesin (ERM) proteins. We identified TRAF2 and NCK-interacting kinase (TNIK) as a kinase directly phosphorylating and activating ERM, specifically at the plasma membrane of primary human endothelial cells.