The microbiome of the habitat-forming brown alga Fucus vesiculosus (Phaeophyceae) has similar cross-Atlantic structure that reflects past and present drivers.

Latitudinal diversity gradients have provided many insights into species differentiation and community processes. In the well-studied intertidal zone, however, little is known about latitudinal diversity in microbiomes associated with habitat-forming hosts. We investigated microbiomes of Fucus vesiculosus because of deep understanding of this model system and its latitudinally large, cross-Atlantic range.

Cytoskeletal diversification across 1 billion years: What red algae can teach us about the cytoskeleton, and vice versa.

The cytoskeleton has a central role in eukaryotic biology, enabling cells to organize internally, polarize, and translocate. Studying cytoskeletal machinery across the tree of life can identify common elements, illuminate fundamental mechanisms, and provide insight into processes specific to less-characterized organisms. Red algae represent an ancient lineage that is diverse, ecologically significant, and biomedically relevant.

Bacterial Communities Show Algal Host ( spp.)/Zone Differentiation Across the Stress Gradient of the Intertidal Zone.

The intertidal zone often has varying levels of environmental stresses (desiccation, temperature, light) that result in highly stress-tolerant macrobiota occupying the upper zone while less tolerant species occupy the lower zone, but little comparative information is available for intertidal bacteria. Here we describe natural (unmanipulated) bacterial communities of three congeners (, high zone; , mid zone; , low zone) as well as those of transplanted to the high zone (Dry and Watered treatments) and to the mid zone (Procedural Control) during summer in Maine (United States). We predicted that bacterial communities would be different among the differently zoned natural congeners, and that higher levels of desiccation stress in the high zone would cause bacterial communities of Dry transplants to become similar to , whereas relieving desiccation stress on Watered transplants would maintain the mid-zone bacterial community.

A statistical description of scattering at the quantum level.

Quantum physics is undoubtedly the most successful theory of the microscopic world, yet the complexities which arise in applying it even to simple atomic and molecular systems render the description of basic collision probabilities a formidable task. For this reason, approximations are often employed, the validity of which may be restricted to given energy regimes and/or targets and/or projectiles. Now we have found that the lognormal function, widely used for the probability distribution of macroscopic stochastic events (as diverse as periods of incubation of and recovery from diseases, size of grains, abundance of species, fluctuations in economic quantities, etc.

Localized Prostate Cancer: Treatment Options.

In the United States, prostate cancer will be diagnosed in one out of seven men in his lifetime. Most cases are localized, and only one in 39 men will die from the disease. Prostate cancer is most often detected using serum prostate-specific antigen testing.