Individual Participant Data Meta-Analysis: Individual Differences in Mediators of Parenting Program Effects on Disruptive Behavior.

Objective: Although parenting programs are the most widely used approach to reduce disruptive behavior in children, there is a notable lack of understanding of the exact changes in parenting that underlie their effects. Challenges include the frequent use of composite measures of parenting behavior and insufficient power to detect mediation effects and individual differences in these in individual trials.

Method: Individual participant data from 14 European randomized controlled trials of social learning-based parenting programs were pooled to examine which specific parenting behaviors best explain program effects.

INTIMASY-TBI Guideline: Optimization of INTIMAcy, SexualitY, and Relationships Among Adults With Traumatic Brain Injury.

Introduction: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) can negatively impact intimacy, relationships, and sexual functioning through changes in physical, endocrine, cognitive, behavioral, and emotional function. Without intervention, diminished intimacy and/or sexual functioning in individuals with TBI may persist. Although most health care professionals agree that sexuality and intimacy in relationships are significant concerns and should be addressed in rehabilitation, these concerns are not typically discussed during rehabilitation and discharge planning for people with TBI.

Association of Cardiac MRI-derived Aortic Stiffness with Early Stages and Progression of Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction.

Purpose To investigate if aortic stiffening as detected with cardiac MRI is an early phenomenon in the development and progression of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). Materials and Methods Both clinical and preclinical studies were performed. The clinical study was a secondary analysis of the prospective HFpEF stress trial (August 2017 through September 2019) and included 48 participants (median age, 69 years [range, 65-73 years]; 33 female, 15 male) with noncardiac dyspnea (NCD, = 21), overt HFpEF at rest (pulmonary capillary wedge pressure [PCWP] ≥ 15 mm Hg, = 14), and masked HFpEF at rest diagnosed during exercise stress (PCWP ≥ 25 mm Hg, = 13) according to right heart catheterization.

Left Atrial Roof Enlargement Is a Distinct Feature of Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction.

Background: It remains unknown to what extent intrinsic atrial cardiomyopathy or left ventricular diastolic dysfunction drive atrial remodeling and functional failure in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). Computational 3-dimensional (3D) models fitted to cardiovascular magnetic resonance allow state-of-the-art anatomic and functional assessment, and we hypothesized to identify a phenotype linked to HFpEF.

Methods: Patients with exertional dyspnea and diastolic dysfunction on echocardiography (E/e', >8) were prospectively recruited and classified as HFpEF or noncardiac dyspnea based on right heart catheterization.