Pharmacist accessibility for non-native Japanese speakers: A cross-sectional study in Japan.

Background: Pharmacists, being one of the more readily accessible primary health care professionals, must ensure accessibility. With growing internationalization, those in Japanese community pharmacies increasingly interact with non-Japanese speakers. This study aimed to understand how Japanese pharmacies can fulfill accessibility needs by accounting for patients' native language and culture.

Immune evasion through mitochondrial transfer in the tumour microenvironment.

Cancer cells in the tumour microenvironment use various mechanisms to evade the immune system, particularly T cell attack. For example, metabolic reprogramming in the tumour microenvironment and mitochondrial dysfunction in tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) impair antitumour immune responses. However, detailed mechanisms of such processes remain unclear.

Cardiac rupture and toxic shock syndrome by invasive group a Streptococcus in a Fontan patient with Asplenia syndrome.

Unlabelled: The incidence of invasive group A Streptococcus (iGAS) infection has been increasing across all age groups, including pediatric patients, and is associated with high mortality rates. Although iGAS infection leads to streptococcal toxic shock syndrome and necrotizing soft tissue infections, iGAS-associated infective endocarditis (IE) is rare. Here, we report a case of iGAS-associated IE, streptococcal toxic shock syndrome, and pyomyositis that occurred after the Fontan procedure in a 7-year-old patient.

Metabolism and effects of acetoaceto--toluidine in the urinary bladder of humanized-liver mice.

Occupational exposure to aromatic amines is a major risk factor for urinary bladder cancer. Our previous studies showed that acetoaceto--toluidine, which is produced using -toluidine as a raw material, promotes urinary bladder carcinogenesis in rats. We also found high concentrations of -toluidine, a human bladder carcinogen, in the urine of acetoaceto--toluidine-treated rats, indicating that urinary -toluidine derived from acetoaceto--toluidine may play an important role in bladder carcinogenesis.

Effects of transcranial photobiomodulation on fine motor skills in boccia para-athletes.

This study investigated the effects of transcranial photobiomodulation (t-PBM) on para-athletes' manual dexterity and intralimbal coordination. Six para-athletes from a Boccia Team participated. t-PBM was administered using a LED helmet with 204 LEDs (660 and 850 nm) emitting 10 mW each, delivering 9 J/cm per LED during 15-min sessions three times a week.