Antihypertensive effect of transplant of rat kidney or its unclipping. Hemodynamic effects and control mechanisms.

The acute transplantation of a normal kidney into a recipient rat with Goldblatt one-kidney, one clip hypertension (1K1C) results in a blood pressure (BP) fall toward but not below normal levels within 1 hour. Removal of the clip in a 1K1C hypertensive rat also normalizes the BP rapidly. These changes are not mediated by external fluid loss and occur after indomethacin pretreatment, but are associated with a fall in cardiac output.

Central nervous system actions of clonidine in hypertension.

Among 42 patients converted from clonidine to another antihypertensive medication, few sympathomimetic side effects were observed if the clonidine dosage had been less than 1.2 mg daily. Among a majority of 14 patients who had been taking larger doses, the previously reported syndrome of sympathetic hyperactivity was observed.

Effect of minoxidil on blood pressure and hemodynamics in severe hypertension.

Eighteen patients with diastolic hypertension (100 to 120 mm Hg), in addition to propranolol, 160 mg daily, and hydrochlorothiazide, 100 mg daily, received progressively increased doses of either minoxidil or placebo in a double-blind crossover study. With minoxidil (average dose 19.7 mg) blood pressure decreased from 165/109 to 138/89 mm Hg without the appearance of orthostatic hypotension.

Evaluation of a new automatic device for taking and recording blood pressures.

A new instrument capable of recording systolic and diastolic blood pressure automatically and repetitively is described, and its accuracy is shown to be equal to that obtained by a carefully trained observer among 53 patients with different levels of blood pressure. The instrument (BosoMat) is also shown to be more accurate than two others available, namely, the Arteriosonde Model 1213 and the SphygmoStat Model B-300. The standard deviation among three consecutive blood pressures on the same patient as determined by the new instrument or by the nurse using traditional methods is shown to be approximately 4 mm.