Predictive factors and biomarkers for the 2-year outcome of uveitis in juvenile idiopathic arthritis: data from the Inception Cohort of Newly diagnosed patients with Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (ICON-JIA) study.

Objective: To define predictors for the 2-year outcome in terms of achieving inactivity, subsequent uveitis reactivation and occurrence of uveitis-related complications of JIA-associated uveitis.

Methods: Demographic and clinical parameters and serum samples of JIA-associated uveitis patients enrolled in ICON at ⩽1 year of JIA diagnosis were collected at study enrolment, every 3 months during the first year and subsequently every 6 months. Predictors for the 2-year outcome were evaluated by linear mixed models.

ArxA, a new clade of arsenite oxidase within the DMSO reductase family of molybdenum oxidoreductases.

Arsenotrophy, growth coupled to autotrophic arsenite oxidation or arsenate respiratory reduction, occurs only in the prokaryotic domain of life. The enzymes responsible for arsenotrophy belong to distinct clades within the DMSO reductase family of molybdenum-containing oxidoreductases: specifically arsenate respiratory reductase, ArrA, and arsenite oxidase, AioA (formerly referred to as AroA and AoxB). A new arsenite oxidase clade, ArxA, represented by the haloalkaliphilic bacterium Alkalilimnicola ehrlichii strain MLHE-1 was also identified in the photosynthetic purple sulfur bacterium Ectothiorhodospira sp.

Groundwater infiltration, surface water inflow and sewerage exfiltration considering hydrodynamic conditions in sewer systems.

Sewer systems are closely interlinked with groundwater and surface water. Due to leaks and regular openings in the sewer system (e.g.

A bacterium that can grow by using arsenic instead of phosphorus.

Life is mostly composed of the elements carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, sulfur, and phosphorus. Although these six elements make up nucleic acids, proteins, and lipids and thus the bulk of living matter, it is theoretically possible that some other elements in the periodic table could serve the same functions. Here, we describe a bacterium, strain GFAJ-1 of the Halomonadaceae, isolated from Mono Lake, California, that is able to substitute arsenic for phosphorus to sustain its growth.

Coupled arsenotrophy in a hot spring photosynthetic biofilm at Mono Lake, California.

Red-pigmented biofilms grow on rock and cobble surfaces present in anoxic hot springs located on Paoha Island in Mono Lake. The bacterial community was dominated ( approximately 85% of 16S rRNA gene clones) by sequences from the photosynthetic Ectothiorhodospira genus. Scraped biofilm materials incubated under anoxic conditions rapidly oxidized As(III) to As(V) in the light via anoxygenic photosynthesis but could also readily reduce As(V) to As(III) in the dark at comparable rates.