A palliative care communication simulation for undergraduate nursing and midwifery students: A pilot study.

Background: Undergraduate nursing education prepares student for entry into the profession. Palliative care is an essential component of nursing education; however, a focus on the management of symptom burden fails to prepare the undergraduate in communication skills required for palliative or end-of-life care (EoLC). Simulation to teach acute care is well researched; however, limited studies explore simulation for palliative care or EoLC.

Concordance between the 2010 and 2015 Resuscitation Guidelines of International Liaison Committee of Resuscitation Councils (ILCOR) members and the ILCOR Consensus of Science and Treatment Recommendations (CoSTRs).

Background: Cardiac arrests are associated with poor outcomes. The International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation (ILCOR) evaluates resuscitation science and produced, until 2015, five-yearly consensus on science and treatment recommendations (CoSTRs), informing global resuscitation guidelines. We aimed to identify similarities/differences in resuscitation guidelines from ILCOR members, noting concurrence over time, and CoSTRs influence on these guidelines.

Astrocytes infected with Chlamydia pneumoniae demonstrate altered expression and activity of secretases involved in the generation of β-amyloid found in Alzheimer disease.

Background: Epidemiologic studies strongly suggest that the pathophysiology of late-onset Alzheimer disease (AD) versus early-onset AD has environmental rather than genetic causes, thus revealing potentially novel therapeutic targets to limit disease progression. Several studies supporting the "pathogen hypothesis" of AD demonstrate a strong association between pathogens and the production of β-amyloid, the pathologic hallmark of AD. Although the mechanism of pathogen-induced neurodegeneration of AD remains unclear, astrocytes, a key player of the CNS innate immune response and producer/metabolizer of β-amyloid, have been implicated.

: An Etiologic Agent for Late-Onset Dementia.

The disease known as late-onset Alzheimer's disease is a neurodegenerative condition recognized as the single most commonform of senile dementia. The condition is sporadic and has been attributed to neuronal damage and loss, both of which have been linked to the accumulation of protein deposits in the brain. Significant progress has been made over the past two decades regarding our overall understanding of the apparently pathogenic entities that arise in the affected brain, both for early-onset disease, which constitutes approximately 5% of all cases, as well as late-onset disease, which constitutes the remainder of cases.

The 2015 upper gastrointestinal "Be Clear on Cancer" campaign: its impact on gastroenterology services and malignant and premalignant diagnoses.

Objective: To assess the impact of the upper gastrointestinal 'Be Clear on Cancer' campaign launched by Public Health England between January and February 2015 on open-access gastroscopy referrals, incidence of target diagnoses (oesophagogastric cancer and Barrett's oesophagus), cancer staging at presentation, 1-year survival and cost per additional diagnosis.

Design: We performed a retrospective study of patients referred for 2-week-wait (2WW), open-access endoscopy 3 months following the campaign with diagnoses, endoscopic findings, staging and 12-month survival compared with data from corresponding months in 2014.

Setting: Three adjacent National Health Service trusts in the West Midlands with a combined population of 1.