Congenital diaphragmatic hernia with intrathoracic kidney: case report, review of the literature, and strategy for treatment in neonates and infants.

Background: Congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) is a rare developmental defect in the diaphragm, occurring in 2 in 10,000 births. Herniation of intraperitoneal organs through the diaphragmatic opening is always present, however few cases mention the herniation of retroperitoneal organs, such as a kidney. Due to the rarity of this condition, the optimal treatment strategy remains unclear.

SGLT2 Inhibitors and the Risk of Contrast-Associated Nephropathy Following Angiographic Intervention: Contradictory Concepts and Clinical Outcomes.

The use of SGLT2 inhibitors (SGLT2is) has been found in large clinical studies to slow the progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and to lower the risk of acute kidney injury (AKI). Recent reports suggest that SGLT2is may also reduce the likelihood of developing radiocontrast-associated nephropathy (CAN) following contrast-enhanced imaging and intravascular interventions. This review underscores potential pitfalls and confounders in these studies and calls for caution in adopting their conclusions regarding the safety and renoprotective potency of SGLT2is, in particular in patients at high risk, with advanced CKD and hemodynamic instability undergoing coronary intervention.

The endocrine basis of the cardio-renal axis: New perspectives regarding corin.

The central role of natriuretic peptides (NPs) in the complex cardio-renal integrated physiology and organ failure has been revealed over the last four decades. Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), the oldest representative of the NPs family, is produced through conversion of proANP to the mature peptide by corin, a trans-membrane protease localized to the cardiac myocyte membrane. Similarly, brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) is generated by furin, which cleaves proBNP to BNP in myocytes.