An enhanced Runge Kutta boosted machine learning framework for medical diagnosis.

With the development and maturity of machine learning methods, medical diagnosis aided with machine learning methods has become a popular method to assist doctors in diagnosing and treating patients. However, machine learning methods are greatly affected by their hyperparameters, for instance, the kernel parameter in kernel extreme learning machine (KELM) and the learning rate in residual neural networks (ResNet). If the hyperparameters are appropriately set, the performance of the classifier can be significantly improved.

Co-occurrence of antibiotic and metal resistance in long-term sewage sludge-amended soils: influence of application rates and pedo-climatic conditions.

Urban sewage sludge (USS) is increasingly being used as an alternative organic amendment in agriculture. Because USS originates mostly from human excreta, partially metabolized pharmaceuticals have also been considered in risk assessment studies after reuse. In this regard, we investigated the cumulative effect of five annual USS applications on the spread of antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB) and their subsequent resistance to toxic metals in two unvegetated soils.

Variation of soil properties with sampling depth in two different light-textured soils after repeated applications of urban sewage sludge.

Semi-arid agricultural soils have increasingly been subjected to urban sewage sludge (USS) applications due to accelerated soil depletion and shortages in manure supply. Research studies addressing USS reuse have mostly been conducted in cropping systems and focused on changes in topsoil properties of a given texture. Therefore, sludge-soil interactions could be largely influenced by the presence of plants, soil particle composition and depth.

Carbon mineralization, biological indicators, and phytotoxicity to assess the impact of urban sewage sludge on two light-textured soils in a microcosm.

The agricultural reuse of urban sewage sludge (USS) modifies soil properties depending on sludge quality, management, and pedo-environmental conditions. The aim of this microcosm study was to assess C mineralization and subsequent changes in soil properties after USS addition to two typical Mediterranean soils: sandy (Soil S) and sandy loam (Soil A) at equivalent field rates of 40 t ha (USS-40) and 120 t ha (USS-120). Outcomes proved the biodegradability of USS through immediate CO release inside incubation bottles in a dose-dependent manner.