A note on the history of the Norwegian Psychoanalytic Society from 1933 to 1945.

The Norwegian analysts, who were trained in Berlin before 1933, were drawn into a struggle against fascism, informed by politically leftist analysts who worked at the Berlin Institute. The Norwegian group, including the analysts Wilhelm Reich and Otto Fenichel, were committed to Marxist or social democratic ideologies in order to fight down fascism and Nazism. They were a source of inspiration but also of conflict.

Can psychoanalytic theory contribute to the understanding and treatment of schizophrenia?

A discontinuity between the study of the brain and study of the mind is discussed. Mental phenomena emerge from the level of individuals interacting through language. Mental life as based in interindividuality is nevertheless experienced solitary.