Health System, Community-Based, or Usual Dementia Care for Persons With Dementia and Caregivers: The D-CARE Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: The effectiveness of different approaches to dementia care is unknown.

Objective: To determine the effectiveness of health system-based, community-based dementia care, and usual care for persons with dementia and for caregiver outcomes.

Design, Setting, And Participants: Randomized clinical trial of community-dwelling persons living with dementia and their caregivers conducted at 4 sites in the US (enrollment June 2019-January 2023; final follow-up, August 2023).

An automatic approach to detect skin cancer utilizing active infrared thermography.

Skin cancer is a growing global concern, with cases steadily rising. Typically, malignant moles are identified through visual inspection, using dermatoscopy and patient history. Active thermography has emerged as an effective method to distinguish between malignant and benign lesions.

Association of Low Protein-to-Carbohydrate Energy Ratio with Cognitive Impairment in Elderly Type 2 Diabetes Patients.

Background/objectives: The relationship between macronutrient intake and cognitive decline in older adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) remains underexplored.

Methods: This cross-sectional study aimed to evaluate the association between the protein-to-carbohydrate energy ratio (%E:P) and cognitive impairment among 192 elderly T2DM patients. Cognitive function was assessed using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) and the Self-Administered Gerocognitive Exam (SAGE), while dietary intake data, including (%E:P), was gathered using a validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire.

Validation of the Mental Illness: Clinicians' Attitudes Scale: The Factor Structure and Psychometric Properties of the Brazilian Version.

Background/objectives: In the literature, few instruments have been identified to measure the stigma of health professionals toward people with mental illness. In Brazil, until 2021, the literature did not indicate the validation of an instrument or the construction of an instrument for this purpose. Considering this gap, this study aimed to validate and estimate the reliability of the Mental Illness: Clinicians' Attitudes Scale, version 4 (MICA-4) for the Brazilian context, examining the psychometric properties through the analysis of its internal consistency and factor structure.

VIS-NIR hyperspectral imaging and multivariate analysis for direct characterization of pelagic fish species.

The identification of fish species and their physical and chemical characterization play a crucial role in the fishing industry, fish-food research and the management of marine resources. Traditional methods for species identification, such as expert observation, DNA barcoding and meta-barcoding, though effective, require labor-intensive laboratory work. Consequently, there is a pressing need for more objective and efficient methodologies for accurate fish species identification and characterization.