[Diabetes mellitus and obesity: risk optimization before surgical interventions].

Background: The prevalence of obesity has increased significantly in recent years and is a causal risk factor for the development of type 2 diabetes. Moreover, chronic degenerative joint diseases are also triggered by obesity.

Weight Loss: Both obesity-related secondary diseases-type 2 diabetes and chronic degenerative joint disease-can be prevented or at least delayed by lifestyle intervention aimed at weight reduction.

Depression in children with abdominal pain in the emergency department.

Objective: This cross-sectional study examined depression and associated impairment in youth presenting to a pediatric emergency department (PED) with abdominal pain.

Methods: Participants were 11-17 years old, presenting to a PED with idiopathic abdominal pain. Participants completed demographics, pain, pain-related impairment, and depression surveys.

Assessing Experiences With Trofinetide for Rett Syndrome: Interviews With Caregivers of Participants in Clinical Trials.

Purpose: Rett syndrome (RTT) is a rare neurodevelopmental disorder that mainly affects girls and women. Trofinetide is approved for the treatment of RTT in adults and children aged ≥2 years. To gain insight into experiences with RTT and effects of trofinetide treatment at different stages of RTT, interviews with caregivers of individuals with RTT were conducted upon their exit from the open-label trofinetide trials.

Neurodevelopmental and Mental Health Outcomes in a National Clinical Sample of Youth With Sex Chromosome Trisomies Compared With Matched Controls.

Objective: To compare the prevalence of neurodevelopmental and mental health diagnoses in a national sample of youth with sex chromosome trisomies (SCTs) with matched controls.

Methods: Patients in PEDSnet and a diagnosis code mapping to 47,XXY/Klinefelter syndrome (n = 1171), 47,XYY/Double Y syndrome (n = 243), or 47,XXX/Trisomy X syndrome (n = 262) were matched with controls using propensity scores. Generalized estimating equations computed odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the prevalence of diagnoses within the neurodevelopmental and mental health composites, psychotropic medication prescriptions, and encounters with behavioral health and therapy providers.

Speaking Out: Factors Influencing Black Americans' Engagement in COVID-19 Testing and Research.

Black communities in the United States (U.S.) have faced stark inequalities in COVID-19 outcomes.