Public Health.

Background: Dementia prevalence is projected to treble worldwide by 2040 highlighting the critical need for effective primary dementia prevention strategies. Initiatives to shape health behaviours/beliefs in childhood increase likelihood of engagement in healthy lifestyle behaviours during adulthood however some subgroups of children are more vulnerable to poor brain health during ageing. Therefore, children must have opportunities to learn about how they can engage in behaviours to improve cardiovascular and psychological health that will protect their brain as they age, contributing to dementia risk reduction (DRR) in later life.

Helicopter emergency medical services demonstrate reduced time to emergency anaesthesia in an undifferentiated trauma population: a retrospective observational analysis across three major trauma networks.

Background: Early rapid sequence induction of anaesthesia (RSI) and tracheal intubation for patients with airway or ventilatory compromise following major trauma is recommended, with guidance suggesting a 45-min timeframe. Whilst on-scene RSI is recommended, the potential time benefit offered by Helicopter Emergency Medical Services (HEMS) has not been studied. We compared the time from 999/112 emergency call to delivery of RSI between patients intubated either in the Emergency Department or pre-hospital by HEMS.

The role of virtual wards in maternity in the United Kingdom.

Virtual wards are an initiative which aims to provide hospital care from the comfort of the patient's own home. Monitoring and additional services, such as intravenous drugs and fluids and blood tests can be undertaken through this system. Although virtual wards have been used in the UK since 2005 in specialties such as General Medicine, General Surgery and Paediatrics, their use in maternity has been more limited.

Five Year Outcomes in Low-Risk Patients Undergoing Surgery in the PARTNER 3 Trial.

Background: Surgery remains an important treatment for low-risk patients with severe symptomatic aortic stenosis (AS). We evaluated 5-year outcomes in low-risk patients undergoing isolated surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR) or SAVR with concomitant procedures within the randomized PARTNER 3 trial.

Methods: In the PARTNER 3 trial, 454 patients underwent surgery for severe, symptomatic, tri-leaflet AS and were followed for 5 years.

Invasive Species, Health, and Global History Afterword: The Disavowal of Human Agency.

The papers in this special issue explore the metaphorical realms that inform discourses on disruptive plants and animals. They explore how species movements in the twentieth century were framed and interpreted, and the medical, scientific, legal, and bureaucratic processes that turned a non-native or mobile species into a formally designated "invasive" one. In doing so, they allow insight into the mechanisms of disavowal, how some species were constructed as the cause of disease and ecological change, while others escaped censure.