Publications by authors named "S H Cheshier"
Article Synopsis
- Artificial intelligence in medicine usually faces challenges related to small, non-diverse patient data due to privacy concerns, but federated learning (FL) offers a solution by allowing training across different hospitals without sharing sensitive data.
- The newly developed FL-PedBrain platform is specifically designed for pediatric brain tumors, enabling collaborative training for tumor classification and segmentation across 19 international centers, addressing the lack of diverse datasets in this area.
- FL-PedBrain shows impressive performance metrics, maintaining almost equivalent accuracy to centralized data training while significantly improving segmentation performance by 20 to 30% at external sites, and allows for the examination of data variability in real-world situations.
Unlabelled: Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy has revolutionized the treatment of hematological malignancies but has been clinically less effective in solid tumors. Engineering macrophages with CARs has emerged as a promising approach to overcome some of the challenges faced by CAR-T cells due to the macrophage's ability to easily infiltrate tumors, phagocytose their targets, and reprogram the immune response. We engineered CAR-macrophages (CAR-Ms) to target chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan 4 (CSPG4), an antigen expressed in melanoma, and several other solid tumors.
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- The study investigates the structural differences in the posterior atlanto-occipital membrane (PAOM) between children with Chiari malformation type I (CM-I) and a control group undergoing surgery for posterior fossa tumors.
- A total of 35 children were analyzed, with findings showing that the PAOM of CM-I patients had significantly higher disorganized architecture, while other factors like fat and collagen content remained similar between groups.
- Additionally, the study found that children with CM-I had a smaller posterior fossa volume compared to controls, indicating potential structural implications of the malformation.
Background: While major advances have been made in improving the quality of life and survival of children with most forms of medulloblastoma (MB), those with MYC-driven tumors (Grp3-MB) still suffer significant morbidity and mortality. There is an urgent need to explore multimodal therapeutic regimens which are effective and safe for children. Large-scale studies have revealed abnormal cancer epigenomes caused by mutations and structural alterations of chromatin modifiers, aberrant DNA methylation, and histone modification signatures.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjectives: This study aimed to evaluate the safety and applicability of treating chronic respiratory insufficiency with diaphragm pacing relative to mechanical ventilation.
Materials And Methods: A literature review and analysis were conducted using the safety, appropriateness, financial neutrality, and efficacy principles.
Results: Although mechanical ventilation is clearly indicated in acute respiratory failure, diaphragm pacing improves life expectancy, increases quality of life, and reduces complications in patients with chronic respiratory insufficiency.