Inhibition of Interleukin-40 prevents multi-organ damage during sepsis by blocking NETosis.

Despite intensive clinical and scientific efforts, the mortality rate of sepsis remains high due to the lack of precise biomarkers for patient stratification and therapeutic guidance. Interleukin 40 (IL-40), a novel cytokine with immune regulatory functions in human diseases, was elevated at admission in two independent cohorts of patients with sepsis. High levels of secreted IL-40 in septic patients were positively correlated with PCT, CRP, lactate (LDH), and Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) scores, in which IL-40 levels were used to stratify the early death of critically ill patients with sepsis.

Chitosan oligosaccharides ameliorates maternal diabetes-induced embryonic neural tube defects via inhibitting excessive pyroptosis of neuroepithelial cells.

Maternal diabetes significantly induces embryonic neural tube defects (NTDs). Thus, it is urgent need to further investigate the regulatory mechanism and therapeutic strategy for maternal diabetes-induced embryonic NTDs. Pyroptosis is a novel mode of programmed cell death.

Integrating machine learning, suspect and nontarget screening reveal the interpretable fates of micropollutants and their transformation products in sludge.

Activated sludge enriches vast amounts of micropollutants (MPs) when wastewater is treated, posing potential environmental risks. While standard methods typically focus on target analysis of known compounds, the identity, structure, and concentration of transformation products (TPs) of MPs remain less understood. Here, we employed a novel approach that integrates machine learning for the quantification of nontarget TPs with advanced target, suspect, and nontarget screening strategies.

CK-666 exerts anticancer effects by regulating autophagy, tunneling nanotubes and extracellular vesicles formation.

CK-666, an inhibitor of the actin-related protein complex 2/3 (Arp2/3), can suppress lamellipodia formation and cell migration. However, research on its application in tumor therapy is still limited. Using RNA-seq, we clustered and analyzed the functions of differentially expressed mRNAs in CK-666-treated tumor cells.

[Characteristics of type 2 inflammation in nocturnal asthma and evaluation of the effectiveness of inhaled corticosteroids combination therapy].

To investigate the characteristics of type 2 inflammation in patients with nocturnal asthma, and analyze the improvement of asthma symptoms after the use of inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) combined with different long-acting bronchodilators. Data of 231 asthma patients who first visited the Respiratory and Critical Care Medical Clinic of Nanfang Hospital of Southern Medical University from January 2020 to June 2023 and had positive bronchodilator tests (BDT), were retrospectively analyzed. These patients were divided into nocturnal asthma group and non-nocturnal asthma group based on the presence or absence of nocturnal symptoms.