Anaplerotic filling in heart failure: a review of mechanism and potential therapeutics.

Heart failure (HF) is a complex syndrome and a leading cause of mortality worldwide. While current medical treatment is based on known pathophysiology and is effective for many patients, the underlying cellular mechanisms are poorly understood. Energy deficiency is a characteristic of HF, marked by complex alterations in metabolism.

DNA methylation and histone modifications associated with antipsychotic treatment: a systematic review.

Antipsychotic medications are essential when treating schizophrenia spectrum and other psychotic disorders, but the efficacy and tolerability of these medications vary from person to person. This interindividual variation is likely mediated, at least in part, by epigenomic processes that have yet to be fully elucidated. Herein, we systematically identified and evaluated 65 studies that examine the influence of antipsychotic drugs on epigenomic changes, including global methylation (9 studies), genome-wide methylation (22 studies), candidate gene methylation (16 studies), and histone modification (18 studies).

A Systematic Review of Uremic Toxin Concentrations and Cardiovascular Risk Markers in Pediatric Chronic Kidney Disease.

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) can lead to cardiac dysfunction in a condition known as cardiorenal syndrome (CRS). It is postulated that the accumulation of uremic toxins in the bloodstream, as a consequence of declining kidney function, may contribute to these adverse cardiac effects. While CRS in adults has been extensively studied, there is a significant knowledge gap with pediatric patients.

Reviewing the impact of hydroxyurea on DNA methylation and its potential clinical implications in sickle cell disease.

Hydroxyurea (HU) is the most common drug therapy for sickle cell disease (SCD). The clinical benefits of HU derive from its upregulation of fetal hemoglobin (HbF), which reduces aggregation of the mutated sickle hemoglobin protein (HbS) and reduces SCD symptoms and complications. However, some individuals do not respond to HU, or stop responding over time.