The association between patients' personality traits and pain perception during orthodontic treatment: a systematic review.

Background: Orthodontic treatment is frequently correlated with different levels of discomfort and pain, caused by the application of forces to move the teeth. The mechanism of orthodontic pain is based on the initially activation of sensory receptors in periodontal tissues which results in a cascade of nociceptive pain processing and transduction in both the central and peripheral nervous systems that is finally experienced by patients. The perception of pain is subjective and varies among people, as it is influenced by both general and individual elements.

Superconductivity in CaBi2.

Superconductivity is observed with critical temperature Tc = 2.0 K in self-flux-grown single crystals of CaBi2. This material adopts the ZrSi2 structure type with lattice parameters a = 4.

Biological aging and physical fitness in men aged 20-70 years from Kraków, Poland.

Objectives: The increasing problem of population aging requires appropriate economic and health-related measures to mitigate its negative effects. The aim was to categorize the biological age of men between 20 and 70 years of age and assess its relationship to their physical activity and fitness.

Methods: Data included morphological variables, total body water, the results of five Eurofit motor tests and the percentage of maximum heart rate (HR%), during a cardiovascular test of more than 1,400 20-70 year-old men living in Kraków.

[Man's unhealthy behaviours--somatic and motor level].

Unhealthy behaviours directly or indirectly flu on health deterioration. The aim of this work was analysis of man's from Cracow unhealthy behaviours in their life style and establishing relations between presented behaviours, body builds and results of motor efficiency tests. It was analysed 1453 adult man aged 18-70.

Exercise thermoregulation in Thai and Polish male subjects.

The aim of this study was to compare the efficiency of exercise thermoregulatory functions in Thai and Polish groups. Twelve Thai and 14 Polish healthy male students were included. An exercise test on a bicycle ergometer at 53% of the maximal work load was performed at ambient air temperature of 30 degrees C and relative humidity of 70%.