Publications by authors named "S Giampietro"
Background And Objectives: Postnatal nutrition and subsequent weight gain or failure in the neonatal period are likely regulated by both the environment and the genetic background. With the goal of estimating the variability of postnatal weight gain due to genes and environment, comparison between monozygotic (ie, genetically identical) and dizygotic (genetically similar as 2 siblings) twins can be performed.
Methods: This study selected a very homogenous set of monozygotic and dizygotic twins who met the following inclusion criteria: gestational age between 30 and 36 weeks, birth weight between 1250 and 2200 g, and length of stay >12 days.
Feeding intolerance in preterm infants. How to understand the warning signs.
J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med
October 2011
It is essential to start enteral nutrition early to preterm infants by giving small amounts of milk (preferably human milk) to ensure that metabolic homeostasis is kept stable and to limit postnatal growth retardation. Increasing feeding volumes to reach "full enteral feeding" is limited by individual feeding tolerance. Feeding intolerance is extremely common in premature infants.
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- Macrosomic infants (those weighing over 4000 g) are at a higher risk for complications like shoulder dystocia, hypoglycemia, and respiratory distress.
- The risk of these issues increases directly with the infant's birth weight.
- There is a "U" shaped relationship between birth weight and the likelihood of developing metabolic syndrome as an adult, meaning both very low and very high birth weights are associated with increased risk.