Second-look Flexible Nephroscopy Combined With Holmium: Yttrium-Aluminum-Garnet Laser Lithotripsy Under Local Anesthesia: A Prospective Study.

Objective: To present a prospectively studied series of patients who underwent second-look flexible nephroscopy combined with holmium:yttrium-aluminum-garnet (Ho:YAG) laser lithotripsy under local anesthesia for residual stone removal after percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL).

Materials And Methods: Thirty consecutive eligible patients who underwent a PCNL procedure in the previous 48-96 hours were included. The inclusion criteria were the following: (1) 1 or 2 residual stones 0.

The role of laparoscopy in the identification and management of missing accessory spleens after primary splenectomy: A case report and literature review.

We present a 7-year-old boy with recurrent thrombocytopenia after primary laparoscopic splenectomy for immune thrombocytopenia (ITP). Imaging modalities (ultrasound, computed tomography scan, and scintigraphy) revealed two accessory spleens while the subsequent second laparoscopy revealed 11, which were successfully removed. The relevant medical literature is reviewed, and the value of laparoscopy for chronic ITP is highlighted.

The role of Apigenin in testicular damage in experimental ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats.

Background: Testicular torsion is an acute urologic emergency occurring in male newborns, children or adolescents. Prolonged ischemia for more than six hours can lead to irreversible testicular damage. Surgical detorsion allows reperfusion and is the only treatment currently available.