Imagine, Discover, Inspire: Proceedings of the 4th International Conference of the Trisomy 21 Research Society.

Down syndrome (DS) or trisomy 21 (T21) is present in a significant number of children and adults around the world and is associated with cognitive and medical challenges. Through research, the T21 Research Society (T21RS), established in 2014, unites a worldwide community dedicated to understanding the impact of T21 on biological systems and improving the quality of life of people with DS across the lifespan. T21RS hosts an international conference every two years to support collaboration, dissemination, and information sharing for this goal.

Optimizing Hierarchical Condition Category-Risk Adjustment Factor Management in Population Health Using Rapid Process Improvement Methods.

Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services provides reimbursement through Hierarchical Condition Category (HCC) coding. Medical systems strive toward risk adjustment optimization, often implementing costly chart review processes. Previously, our organization implementing countermeasures through workflows was complex and performed in silos.

Cellularity Defects Are Not Ubiquitous in the Brains of Fetuses With Down Syndrome.

Down syndrome (DS) is a genetic pathology characterized by various developmental defects. Unlike other clinical problems, intellectual disability is an invariant clinical trait of DS. Impairment of neurogenesis accompanied by brain hypotrophy is a typical neurodevelopmental phenotype of DS, suggesting that a reduction in the number of cells forming the brain may be a key determinant of intellectual disability.

Reversal of neurodevelopmental impairment and cognitive enhancement by pharmacological intervention with the polyphenol polydatin in a Down syndrome model.

Intellectual disability (ID) is the unavoidable hallmark of Down syndrome (DS), a genetic condition due to triplication of chromosome 21. ID in DS is largely attributable to neurogenesis and dendritogenesis alterations taking place in the prenatal/neonatal period, the most critical time window for brain development. There are currently no treatments for ID in DS.

Increased hippocampal epigenetic age in the Ts65Dn mouse model of Down Syndrome.

Down syndrome (DS) is a segmental progeroid genetic disorder associated with multi-systemic precocious aging phenotypes, which are particularly evident in the immune and nervous systems. Accordingly, people with DS show an increased biological age as measured by epigenetic clocks. The Ts65Dn trisomic mouse, which harbors extra-numerary copies of chromosome 21 (Hsa21)-syntenic regions, was shown to recapitulate several progeroid features of DS, but no biomarkers of age have been applied to it so far.