A novel multilayer antimicrobial urinary catheter material with antimicrobial properties.

Urinary catheters are commonly used in medical practice to drain and monitor urine of patients. However, urinary catheterisation is associated with the risk of developing catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs), which can result in life-threatening sepsis that requires antibiotics for treatment. Using the layer-by-layer (LbL) technique, we assembled a multilayer catheter comprising nine quadruple layers (9QL) of alginate, chlorhexidine (CHX), alginate and poly(β-amino ester) (PBAE) built upon an amino-functionalised silicone.

Outcomes after index cholecystectomy: a UK longitudinal multi-centre cohort Study.

Purpose: International guidelines for management of acute biliary pathology recommend emergency cholecystectomy (EmC), citing improved outcomes compared to elective cholecystectomy (ElC) based on trials which may not reflect the capacity constraints in clinical practice, nor selection based on multiple prior attendances with emergency biliary pathology or attendances following a decision for ElC. We therefore conducted a longitudinal retrospective study evaluating all attendances with biliary pathology prior to cholecystectomy with the aim of assessing whether EmC is justified in this context.

Methods: Data was collected on patients undergoing cholecystectomy between 2016 and 2021 at four centres.

The role of awareness and demand in evaluative learning.

Human likes and dislikes can be established or changed in numerous ways. Three of the most well-studied procedures involve exposing people to regularities in the environment (evaluative conditioning, approach-avoidance, mere exposure), to verbal information about upcoming regularities (evaluative conditioning, approach-avoidance, or mere exposure information), or to verbal information about the evaluative properties of an attitude object (persuasive messages). In the present study, we investigated the relation between, on the one hand, different types of experiment-related beliefs (regularity, influence, and hypothesis awareness) and demand reactions (demand compliance and reactance) and, on the other hand, evaluative learning about novel food brands (Experiments 1 and 2) and well-known food brands (Experiment 2) via persuasive messages, experienced regularities, and verbal information about regularities.

The global impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on delays and disruptions in cancer care services: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

The coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic substantially impacted the delivery of cancer services and programs. Here we reviewed and synthesized the global scale and impact of pandemic-related delays and disruptions on cancer services, including diagnosis, diagnostic procedures, screening, treatment and supportive and palliative care. Based on data from 245 articles in 46 countries, we observed declines in the number of cancer screening participation (39.

Disparities in anti-nucleocapsid and anti-spike SARS-CoV-2 antibody prevalence in NYC - April-October 2021.

Purpose: Between April-October 2021, the New York City (NYC) Health Department conducted a serosurvey to assess prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in NYC adults as part of continued COVID-19 surveillance efforts.

Methods: Whole blood specimens were collected from 1035 adult NYC residents recruited from an annual population-based health surveillance survey. Specimens were tested for the presence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike protein (anti-spike) and anti-SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein (anti-nucleocapsid) antibodies.