New experimental methodology for determining the second crossover energy in insulators under stationary e-irradiation in a SEM.

A new experimental methodology is proposed which uses the electrostatic influence method (EIM) in scanning electron microscope (SEM) in order to estimate the second crossover energy E for uncharged insulators. This experimental methodology based on simultaneous time measurement of the displacement and leakage currents, is approached to the short pulse irradiation technique but under stationary e-irradiation and allows determining the intrinsic secondary electron emission yield, σ (σ is the value of the total secondary electron yield just at the beginning of the irradiation before significant charge accumulation or before the formation of a surface potential). The obtained value of E for soda-lime glass is confirmed by two additional experiments based on secondary electron imaging.

Do we need a re-TUR after en bloc resection of T1 stage bladder cancer?

Background: A second look trans-urethral resection of the bladder (re-TUR) is recommended after the diagnosis of T1 high grade (T1HG) bladder cancer. Few studies have evaluated the results of re-TUR after a first en bloc resection (EBR) and none of them have specifically reported the pathological results on the field of previous T1 disease.

Objective: To report the rate of upstaging and the rate of residual disease (RD) on the field of T1HG lesions resected with EBR.

The Delphi method to analyze the expert views on possible futures of the smart city adoption and development in developing countries: the case of Jordan.

Smart cities are characterized by the integration of various technologies and the use of data to achieve several objectives. These objectives include the creation of efficiencies, boosting economic development, expanding sustainability, and improving the overall quality of life for individuals residing and working within the urban environment. The aim of this study is to analyze the future of smart cities with respect to developing countries, specifically Jordan as the case.

Efficacy of HIVEC in patients with high-risk non-muscle invasive bladder cancer who are contraindicated to BCG and in patients who fail BCG therapy.

Purpose: To evaluate Hyperthermic-Intra-Vesical Chemotherapy (HIVEC) efficacy regarding 1-year disease-free survival (RFS) rate and bladder preservation rate in patients with High-risk Non-Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer (NMIBC) who fail BCG therapy or are contraindicated to BCG.

Methods: Between June 2016 and October 2019, patients treated with HIVEC for mostly high-risk NMIBC who failed BCG or BCG-naive if BCG contraindicated have been included in our study. These patients had a theoretical indication for cystectomy but were ineligible for surgery or refused it.

Enhanced Recovery after Surgery for Radical Cystectomy Decreases Postoperative Complications at Different Times.

Introduction: This study aimed to assess whether enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) improves, at different time points, postoperative complications in patients undergoing radical cystectomy.

Methods: We performed a retrospective monocentric study using prospectively maintained databases including all patients treated by radical cystectomy between January 2015 and July 2019. An ERAS protocol was applied in all patients from February 2018.