Comparison of mitral valve repair versus replacement for mitral valve regurgitation.

Background: Mitral regurgitation (MR) is a prevalent valvular abnormality categorized as primary or secondary based on aetiology. Surgical intervention, particularly mitral valve repair, is often preferred over replacement due to its association with better outcomes. However, the benefits of repair versus replacement, especially in secondary MR, remain debated.

Optimum diagnostic pathway and pathologic confirmation rate of early stage lung cancer: Results from the VIOLET randomised controlled trial.

Background: Pathologic confirmation of lung cancer influences treatment selection for suspected early-stage lung cancer. High pre-treatment tissue confirmation rates are recommended. We sought to define management and outcomes of patients undergoing surgery for primary lung cancer in a UK multi-centre clinical trial.

Data-driven cluster analysis identifies distinct types of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.

Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) exhibits considerable variability in clinical outcomes. Identifying specific phenotypic profiles within MASLD is essential for developing targeted therapeutic strategies. Here we investigated the heterogeneity of MASLD using partitioning around medoids clustering based on six simple clinical variables in a cohort of 1,389 individuals living with obesity.

How to Manage a Large Undifferentiated Lung Cancer Mass: A Case Report.

Non-small cell lung cancer is the most common type of lung cancer globally. An important subtype to discuss is undifferentiated carcinomas, which are variants of large cell carcinoma, and these can typically present with evidence of neuroendocrine differentiation. The patient presented with a large mass in the right upper lobe extending into the middle lobe.