Complex vaccination strategies prevent the emergence of vaccine resistance.

Vaccination is the most effective tool to control infectious diseases. However, the evolution of vaccine resistance, exemplified by vaccine resistance in SARS-CoV-2, remains a concern. Here, we model complex vaccination strategies against a pathogen with multiple epitopes-molecules targeted by the vaccine.

Design and rationale for the SIB trial: a randomized parallel comparison of semaglutide placebo on intestinal barrier function in type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Objective: To describe the rationale and design of the SIB trial, an interventional clinical trial testing the hypothesis that subcutaneous (s.c.) once-weekly semaglutide can improve intestinal permeability and reduce systemic inflammation in participants with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and obesity.

Analysis of prognostic factors in COVID-19 hospitalized patients: an Italian single-center case-control study.

Objective: COVID-19 clinical presentation ranges from asymptomatic infection to an inflammatory cytokine storm with multi-organ failure and fatal outcomes. The identification of high-risk patients for severe disease is crucial to plan an early treatment and intensive follow-up. We aimed to investigate negative prognostic factors in a group of patients hospitalized for COVID-19.

An Insight into Chemistry and Structure of Colloidal 2D-WS Nanoflakes: Combined XPS and XRD Study.

The surface and structural characterization techniques of three atom-thick bi-dimensional 2D-WS colloidal nanocrystals cross the limit of bulk investigation, offering the possibility of simultaneous phase identification, structural-to-morphological evaluation, and surface chemical description. In the present study, we report a rational understanding based on X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and structural inspection of two kinds of dimensionally controllable 2D-WS colloidal nanoflakes (NFLs) generated with a surfactant assisted non-hydrolytic route. The qualitative and quantitative determination of 1T' and 2H phases based on W 4f XPS signal components, together with the presence of two kinds of sulfur ions, S and S, based on S 2p signal and related to the formation of WS and WOS in a mixed oxygen-sulfur environment, are carefully reported and discussed for both nanocrystals breeds.