Effect of the Financial Crisis on Socioeconomic Inequalities in Mortality in Small Areas in Seven Spanish Cities.

Background: The aim of this study was to analyze the trend in socioeconomic inequalities in mortality in small areas due to several specific causes before (2001-2004, 2005-2008) and during (2009-2012) the economic crisis in seven Spanish cities.

Methods: This ecological study of trends, with census tracts as the areas of analysis, was based on three periods. Several causes of death were studied.

[Deprivation index by enumeration district in Spain, 2011].

Objective: To present the methodology used in the design and implementation of a deprivation index by enumeration district, and to describe the socioeconomic situation of Spain in 2011.

Method: The unit of analysis was the enumeration district (N=35,960). Data came from the 2011 Population and Housing Census of Spain.

Gender and socioeconomic inequalities in the implementation of the Basque programme for multimorbid patients.

Background: The aim of our study was to increase awareness of the relevance of the implemented programmes to inequity of access and inequality of health by analyzing the impact of a patient-centred strategy for multimorbid patients.

Methods: This retrospective study compared the 2014 multimorbid patient group (intervention group) with its 2012 analogue (control group), before the Department of Health of the Basque Country launched the strategy for managing disease chronicity. Inequalities in healthcare access were represented by differences in the inclusion of patients in the programme and in contacts with primary care (PC) services by gender and socioeconomic status (measured by deprivation index by census track).