Model reference adaptive scheme for multi-drug infusion for blood pressure control.

Using multiple interacting drugs to control both the mean arterial pressure (MAP) and cardiac output (CO) of patients with different sensitivity to drugs is a challenging task which this paper attempts to address. A multivariable model reference adaptive control (MRAC) algorithm is developed using a two-input, two-output patient model. The control objective is to maintain the homodynamic variables MAP and CO at the normal values by simultaneously administering two drugs; sodium nitroprusside (SNP) and dopamine (DPM).