Perioperative hypothermia and stress jeopardize antimetastatic immunity and TLR-9 immune activation: potential mediating mechanisms (experimental studies).

Background: The perioperative period often involves stress responses and surgery-induced hypothermia, which were suggested to hinder antimetastatic immunity and promote cancer metastasis. During this critical period, immunotherapies are rarely used, given contraindications to surgery. However, recent preclinical studies support the feasibility of perioperative TLR-9 activation using CpG-C.

Peri-operative individually tailored psychological intervention in breast cancer patients improves psychological indices and molecular biomarkers of metastasis in excised tumors.

Perioperative stress and inflammatory signaling can invigorate pro-metastatic molecular processes in patients' tumors, potentially worsening long-term survival. Yet, it is unknown whether pre-operative psychotherapeutic interventions can attenuate such effects. Herein, three weeks before surgery, forty women diagnosed with stage I-III invasive ductal/lobular breast carcinoma were randomized to a 6-week one-on-one psychological intervention (6 meetings with a medical psychologist and bi-weekly phone calls) versus standard nursing-staff-attention.

Immunotherapy during the Immediate Perioperative Period: A Promising Approach against Metastatic Disease.

Tumor excision is a necessary life-saving procedure in most solid cancers. However, surgery and the days before and following it, known as the immediate perioperative period (IPP), entail numerous prometastatic processes, including the suppression of antimetastatic immunity and direct stimulation of minimal residual disease (MRD). Thus, the IPP is pivotal in determining long-term cancer outcomes, presenting a short window of opportunity to circumvent perioperative risk factors by employing several therapeutic approaches, including immunotherapy.

Sleep-like changes in neural processing emerge during sleep deprivation in early auditory cortex.

Insufficient sleep is commonplace in modern lifestyle and can lead to grave outcomes, yet the changes in neuronal activity accumulating over hours of extended wakefulness remain poorly understood. Specifically, which aspects of cortical processing are affected by sleep deprivation (SD), and whether they also affect early sensory regions, remain unclear. Here, we recorded spiking activity in the rat auditory cortex along with polysomnography while presenting sounds during SD followed by recovery sleep.