Publications by authors named "S Elham Sharafi"
Article Synopsis
- - The study found that 38.7% of hospitalized patients in Iran reported mental distress, with a higher prevalence in males (52.0%) compared to females (34.0%) and significant variations based on job status and hospital wards.
- - Data was collected using the General Health Questionnaire-12 (GHQ-12), with scores of 4 or higher designated as "mentally distressed," revealing that retired patients faced the highest rates of distress at 64.7%.
- - The results emphasize the necessity for combining mental health evaluations with medical care to enhance treatment outcomes and quality of life for hospitalized patients experiencing mental distress.
Alcohol consumption during pregnancy harms fetal development, leading to various physical and behavioral issues. This study investigates how prenatal ethanol exposure triggers oxidative stress (OS) and affects neurotrophic factors (NTFs), particularly brain-derived growth factor (BDNF) gene expression in the hippocampus, influencing learning and memory decline across two generations of male offspring from ethanol-exposed female rats. A rat model of fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) was initially generated to reflect on the deficits in the first generation, and then those transmitted via the male germline to the unexposed male ones.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe widespread occurrence of thyroid nodules and the typically slow progression of thyroid cancer have led to the development of the thyroid imaging reporting and data system (TI-RADS). The primary objectives behind the development of TI-RADS were to minimize unnecessary biopsies of non-cancerous nodules, enhance the overall precision of diagnosis and establish a uniform risk-stratification framework based on the lexicon to notify healthcare professionals of nodules that require a biopsy. The identification and precise diagnosis of thyroid nodules have led to improved clinical practice examination reports within the general population.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- Tuberculosis, particularly smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis (SPPTB), is a significant public health concern in Iran, necessitating an analysis of its effective reproduction number and patient demographics from 2011 to 2021 to inform control strategies.
- A historical cohort study found that while SPPTB cases declined overall, a significant portion of patients faced delays in diagnosis, and there were notable differences in transmission rates across provinces, with certain areas showing higher effective reproduction numbers.
- Despite a general decrease in effective reproduction numbers from 2011 to 2020, a rise was noted post-COVID-19, stressing the importance of targeted health interventions in regions with persistent high incidence rates.
Propagation pathways from meteorological to agricultural drought in different climatic basins in iran.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int
October 2024
Article Synopsis
- There are different types of drought, like meteorological drought (MD) and agricultural drought (AD), and one can lead to the other, especially depending on the climate.
- Scientists studied how this happens in Iran by looking at data from 30 different areas over 42 years to see how quickly MD affects AD and how long it takes for each type of drought to respond.
- They found that in wetter climates, MD can turn into AD more quickly, while in drier areas, this process takes longer, and understanding this helps predict and manage drought better.