Estimated Vaccine Effectiveness for Respiratory Syncytial Virus-Related Lower Respiratory Tract Disease.

Importance: Clinical trials have demonstrated high vaccine efficacy (VE) against lower respiratory tract disease (LRTD) but enrolled a smaller proportion of persons aged 75 years or older and those with comorbidities than seen in highest-risk populations in clinical practice settings. Additionally, VE against respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)-related hospitalizations and emergency department (ED) visits is not yet fully described.

Objective: To estimate Respiratory Syncytial Virus Prefusion F (RSVpreF) effectiveness in older adults.

Supporting Labor After 2 Cesarean Births.

Labor after cesarean (LAC) is a safe alternative for pregnant persons who have had 1 or 2 previous cesarean births (CBs) and have no contraindication to vaginal birth. When compared with repeat CB, vaginal birth after cesarean (VBAC) reduces short- and long-term health complications and morbidity and should therefore be presented as an option. Despite recommendations from the American College of Nurse-Midwives and the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists in support of LAC, not all pregnant persons who are candidates have access to this option.

Healthcare use and sexually transmitted infections treatment-seeking: a mixed methods cross-sectional survey among hard-to-reach fishing communities of Lake Victoria, Uganda.

Introduction: Uganda´s fishing communities experience a high burden of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) including human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), with limited access to healthcare. Knowledge on healthcare use and treatment seeking will help identify unmet needs and facilitate appropriate allocation of resources.

Methods: between 2014-2015, a mixed methods cross-sectional survey was conducted in four fishing communities on Lake Victoria, Uganda, as part of preparedness for HIV trials.

Multiarm, non-randomised, single-centre feasibility study-investigation of the differential biology between benign and malignant renal masses using advanced magnetic resonance imaging techniques (IBM-Renal): protocol.

Introduction: Localised renal masses are an increasing burden on healthcare due to the rising number of cases. However, conventional imaging cannot reliably distinguish between benign and malignant renal masses, and renal mass biopsies are unable to characterise the entirety of the tumour due to sampling error, which may lead to delayed treatment or overtreatment. There is an unmet clinical need to develop novel imaging techniques to characterise renal masses more accurately.

High-resolution and highly accelerated MRI T2 mapping as a tool to characterise renal tumour subtypes and grades.

Background: Clinical imaging tools to probe aggressiveness of renal masses are lacking, and T2-weighted imaging as an integral part of magnetic resonance imaging protocol only provides qualitative information. We developed high-resolution and accelerated T2 mapping methods based on echo merging and using k-t undersampling and reduced flip angles (TEMPURA) and tested their potential to quantify differences between renal tumour subtypes and grades.

Methods: Twenty-four patients with treatment-naïve renal tumours were imaged: seven renal oncocytomas (RO); one eosinophilic/oncocytic renal cell carcinoma; two chromophobe RCCs (chRCC); three papillary RCCs (pRCC); and twelve clear cell RCCs (ccRCC).