Caregiver role strain: the contribution of multiple roles and available resources in African-American women.

While the roles of spouse, parent, and employee are normative for middle-aged adults, strain associated with each role may increase when the role of caregiver is added. The objectives of the present study were to determine: (1). what is the relationship between the caregiver's other roles (marital, parental, employee), specific combinations of these roles, and role strain; and (2).

Heme charge-transfer band III is vibronically coupled to the Soret band.

A complete resonance Raman excitation profile of the heme charge-transfer band known as band III is presented. The data obtained throughout the near-infrared region show preresonance with the Q-band, but the data also clearly show the enhancement of a number of modes in the spectral region of band III. Only nontotally symmetric modes are observed to have resonance enhancement in the band III region.

Electrostatic and conformational effects on the electronic structures of distortional isomers of a mixed-valence binuclear Cu complex.

The electronic structure of the binuclear copper complex [Cu(2)(L)](3+) [L = N(CH(2)CH(2)N(H)CH(2)CH(2)N(H)CH(2)CH(2))(3)N] has been investigated by resonance Raman and electroabsorption spectroscopy. Crystallographic Cu(2) distances of 2.364(1) and 2.

Photoactivation of rhodopsin: interplay between protein and chromophore.

Data in the literature suggest a finely tuned interaction between ligand (11-cis-retinal) and protein (opsin) in order to allow very efficient photoactivation of the ligand and highly vectorial rhodopsin activation with a huge increase in receptor activity. We have further investigated this interaction using ligand homologues, 13C-ligand labelling or 15N-protein labelling, in combination with Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) and solid-state magic angle spinning (ss-MAS)-NMR spectroscopy. Using 1D rotational resonance (RR) or double-quantum heteronuclear local field (2Q-HLF) ss-MAS-NMR we report the first structure refinement of the rhodopsin chromophore in situ.

Tyrosine structural changes detected during the photoactivation of rhodopsin.

We present the first Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analysis of an isotope-labeled eukaryotic membrane protein. A combination of isotope labeling and FTIR difference spectroscopy was used to investigate the possible involvement of tyrosines in the photoactivation of rhodopsin (Rho). Rho --> MII difference spectra were obtained at 10 degrees C for unlabeled recombinant Rho and isotope-labeled L-[ring-2H4]Tyr-Rho expressed in Spodoptera frugiperda cells grown on a stringent culture medium containing enriched L-[ring-2H4]Tyr and isolated using a His6 tag.