Public Health.

Background: Most people with dementia reside in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) where resources, research, services, and support are often very limited. Research into dementia risk prediction is scarce in LMIC settings, and those prediction models developed in high-income countries generally do not transport well to LMICs. This suggesting a dire need for LMIC specific dementia risk models.

Identifying Challenges Related to the Management of Comorbidities in People with Dementia in Residential Care: Expert Delphi Consensus Exercise.

Improving early detection, management, and treatment of comorbid conditions to dementia in residential care could slow down cognitive and functional decline, and increase residents' quality of life. We conducted a Delphi study comprising three rounds (two surveys and an interview) to identify the most difficult dementia comorbidities to deal with in residential care and related issues. Participants were 15 UK-based experts including academics, residential care workers, geriatricians, and neuropsychologists.

Recurrent models of orientation selectivity enable robust early-vision processing in mixed-signal neuromorphic hardware.

Mixed signal analog/digital neuromorphic circuits represent an ideal medium for reproducing bio-physically realistic dynamics of biological neural systems in real-time. However, similar to their biological counterparts, these circuits have limited resolution and are affected by a high degree of variability. By developing a recurrent spiking neural network model of the retinocortical visual pathway, we show how such noisy and heterogeneous computing substrate can produce linear receptive fields tuned to visual stimuli with specific orientations and spatial frequencies.

Ancient genomics support deep divergence between Eastern and Western Mediterranean Indo-European languages.

The Indo-European languages are among the most widely spoken in the world, yet their early diversification remains contentious. It is widely accepted that the spread of this language family across Europe from the 5th millennium BP correlates with the expansion and diversification of steppe-related genetic ancestry from the onset of the Bronze Age. However, multiple steppe-derived populations co-existed in Europe during this period, and it remains unclear how these populations diverged and which provided the demographic channels for the ancestral forms of the Italic, Celtic, Greek, and Armenian languages.

Disease-Specific Risk Models for Predicting Dementia: An Umbrella Review.

Dementia is a leading cause of disability and death globally. Individuals with diseases such as cardiovascular, cardiometabolic and cerebrovascular disease are often at increased dementia risk. However, while numerous models have been developed to predict dementia, they are often not tailored to disease-specific groups.