A randomized trial to determine the impact on compliance of a psychophysical peripheral cue based on the Elaboration Likelihood Model.

Objective: Non-compliance in clinical studies is a significant issue, but causes remain unclear. Utilizing the Elaboration Likelihood Model of persuasion, this study assessed the psychophysical peripheral cue 'Interactive Voice Response System (IVRS) call frequency' on compliance.

Methods: 71 participants were randomized to once daily (OD), twice daily (BID) or three times daily (TID) call schedules over two weeks.

Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase and ERK1/2 are not involved in adenosine A1, A2A or A3 receptor-mediated preconditioning in rat ventricle strips.

Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MEK)/extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1 and 2 (ERK1/2) and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3-kinase)/protein kinase B (PKB; also known as Akt) are important antiapoptotic signalling pathways which have recently been implicated in cardioprotection. However, at present the involvement of ERK1/2 and PI3-kinase/PKB in adenosine receptor-mediated cardioprotection is poorly understood. In this study we used isolated rat right ventricular strips, contracted by electrical-field stimulation, in order to investigate the role of ERK1/2 and PI3-kinase/PKB in adenosine receptor-induced cardioprotection.

The inhibition of human duodenal adenylate cyclase activity by Ca2+ and the effects of EGTA.

This study demonstrates that the inhibition of adenylate cyclase activity by Ca2+ is enhanced in the presence of increasing [EGTA] (0, 0.3, 1, 2.5 mM) by 2 orders of magnitude.

Calmodulin independence of human duodenal adenylate cyclase.

The calmodulin and calcium dependence of human adenylate cyclase from the second part of the duodenum was assessed in washed particulate preparations of biopsy specimens by investigating (a) the concentration dependent effects of free [Ca2+] on enzyme activity, (b) the effects of exogenous calmodulin on enzyme activity in ethylene glycol bis (b-aminoethyl ether)N,N'-tetra-acetic acid (EGTA) washed particulate preparations, and (c) the effects of calmodulin antagonists on enzyme activity. Both basal (IC50 = 193.75 (57.

Effect of vasoactive intestinal peptide on cyclic adenosine monophosphate production in enterocytes isolated from human duodenal biopsy specimens.

A modification of a cell isolation technique used in animal studies was developed to remove enterocytes from duodenal biopsy specimens. Citrate-ethylenediaminetetra-acetic acid treatment removed enterocytes from any underlying lamina propria and produced single cells and strips of cells. A mean (SEM) of 4.