[Safety and efficacy of Relatox in comparison with Dysport in the treatment of focal spasticity of the upper limb in patients after stroke and traumatic brain injury (results of a prospective simple blind randomized comparative study in parallel groups)].

Objective: Evaluation of the safety and effectiveness of Relatox, botulinum toxin type A in patients with focal spasticity (FS) of the upper limb as a result of a cerebrovascular accident (CVA) or traumatic brain injury (TBI).

Material And Methods: A multicenter, prospective, single-blinded, randomized, comparative clinical study included 210 patients of both sexes aged 18-75 years after moderate to severe TBI and CVA in seven sites in the Russian Federation. The patients were randomized into two groups.

[Algorithms for the diagnosis and treatment of cognitive impairment and dysphagia in stroke patients].

Stroke is a socially significant neurological disease, the second most common cause of disability and mortality. A wide range of neurological problems that occur after stroke: cognitive, motor, speech, and language disfunction, neuropsychiatric, swallowing disorders and others, complicate rehabilitation, impair social and everyday adaptation, and reduce the quality of life of patients and their caregivers. Cognitive impairment (CI) is one of the most significant and common complications of stroke.

[Cognitive impairment and tactics of using the drug Cerebrolysin. Resolution of the International Council of Experts (May 12, 2023)].

The aging of the population and the associated increase in the share of cognitive impairments in the structure of a wide range of diseases are a serious challenge for modern healthcare. Difficulties in the treatment of cognitive disorders are determined by many factors, including the age of patients, comorbidity, forced polypragmasia and the adequacy of the dosage of drugs that restore cognitive activity. The experts discussed information about the therapeutic potential of the drug Cerebrolysin in the treatment of cognitive disorders of various origins, stated significant experience of its effective and safe use in many clinical studies in mild and moderate forms of dementia.

[Experience of using rhythmic transcranial magnetic stimulation, extracorporeal shock wave therapy and botulinotherapy in individual motor recovery programs in patients with spastic paresis of the lower limb].

Walking disorder is one of the most frequent consequences of stroke and traumatic brain injury, occurring in 80% of cases. Spastic paresis of the muscles of the lower extremity is the cause formed in 20-40% of patients within a few weeks after brain damage. In this case, a complex of symptoms occurs: motor deficiency (muscle paresis), increased muscle tone (spasticity), biomechanical changes in muscles, joints and surrounding tissues, contractures.

[A progressive view on the treatment and rehabilitation of acute ischemic stroke].

The review discusses the data on efficacy and safety of reperfusion therapy and neuroprotective therapy in ischemic stroke (IS) and during the rehabilitation. The authors recommend using an individual approach to the treatment of patients with acute IS and identify patients in whom neurotrophic therapy will bring the greatest effect. In addition, it is concluded that pharmacological support is an integral part of the rehabilitation of patients after a stroke, along with the correct assessment of neurological deficits, the timely start of rehabilitation measures, the complexity and continuity at all stages.